The purpose of this research was: (1) to study internal and external environment factors that affect the operation community enterprise (2) identify operational methods, promotion, development silver plating gold group in art craft center Thailand expand results other enterprises. sample used was 63 members groups at Ban Yang Noi Community, Thailand. instruments were questionnaires. Statistics ...

BACKGROUND Volar locking plates provide significant structural stability to the distal radius. Failure of a volar locked plating is a rarely reported complication in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION A 40 year-old, obese female patient who presented with a displaced extraarticular distal radius fracture, underwent open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture using a volar locking plat...

zinc-nickel electrodeposits have been widely adopted for surface treatment of automobile steel sheet for high corrosion resistance. in this work the effect of pulse parameters on the zn-ni alloy electrodeposits was investigated. the hardness, thickness, corrosion resistance and composition of deposits thus produced were investigated. the surface topography of the deposits was also observed in s...

Background: Distal tibia fractures are among the most common bony injuries, with a significant rate of nonunion anddelayed union. There are multiple methods for the management of distal tibia fractures. Among the plating methods,there are bridge plating and compression plating techniques. There is still a lack of evidence about whether one methodhas a higher rate of union than...

Au/octadecanethiol/GaAs devices were prepared using different metallization conditions: direct deposition at 77 K and 300 K samples, and indirect deposition (Ar backfilling). Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry data indicate that !4x and !2x more gold penetrates through the SAM after direct deposition at 300 K and 77 K, respectively, than under Ar backfill conditions. However, these ...

Influences of nanostructured gold and colloidal gold surfaces on spectra of DNA, albumin and some of their building blocksα-glycine and guanine in the SEIRA (Surface Enhanced InfraRed Absorption) experiment in reflectance-absorbance mode are presented and discussed. Experimental factor of enhancement for studied samples within 0.1 mkg-0.5 mg (film thickness from 4 nm to 385 nm) was equal to 1.3...

This paper focused on a novel method of electroless plating ruthenium (Ru) on solid or porous substrates like porous stainless steel (PSS) discs or ceramic tubes. A novel complexing plating bath of Ru was developed. It is proven that Ru can be deposited directly on these substrates by the bath at a temperature of 328 K and strong alkaline environment. TGA, SEM, EDX and XRD confirmed the success...

Recently, flip-chip assembly has become mainstream for fine-pitch interconnection in large-scale integration packages. Gold studs and copper pillars with solder caps are two types of bumps in common use.[1] Gold stud bumps are commonly used for interconnecting dice with peripheral layouts. Gold-gold bonding has the advantage of a low process temperature, and gold-solder with adhesive has good w...

this paper focused on a novel method of electroless plating ruthenium (ru) on solid or porous substrates like porous stainless steel (pss) discs or ceramic tubes. a novel complexing plating bath of ru was developed. it is proven that ru can be deposited directly on these substrates by the bath at a temperature of 328 k and strong alkaline environment. tga, sem, edx and xrd confirmed the success...