The main purpose of the study is to examine the causal relationship between government revenues and expenditures of the Jordan government over the period from 1990 to 2011 using Granger causality and VECM tests methodology. Which provides channels of causation between government revenues (GR) and government expenditures (GE).The empirical results show that bidirectional causality running betwee...

Chinese animal product consumption behaviour was analysed for both urban and rural households using a complete regional consumption dataset that was augmented to include away-from-home consumption. Seven animal product expenditure share equations were estimated with an extended Almost Ideal Demand System model. The results suggest that Chinese consumers will continue to increase their consumpti...

This paper presents a framework for assessing the fiscal condition index (FCI) and develops a concept to assess fiscal condition of governments and implements it into Iran government as an oil exporting country. The concept consists of four dimensions ­-revenue, expenditure, budget balance, and debt structure-and each dimension has its own indicators. There are seven indicators examined namely ...

Health has vital importance in maintaining economic development since it is essential for, and a result of, development. This indicates that health makes large contribution achieving sustainable outcomes. The significance of shown the millennium goals (MDGs) (SDGs), where four seventeen objectives focus on improving outcomes (UN, 2021). As compared to other countries, some Asian countries are s...

This paper proposes to test the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth by including the impact of the share of military and civilian components of government expenditure in an economic growth model with endogenous technology. In this framework, we empirically consider the hypothesis of a nonlinear effect of military expenditure on economic growth. The comparison between c...

ing expenditure on the reasonable assumption that advertising is subject to diminishing returns. Accordingly, an outright ban is likely to have far more effect than marginal changes. The report also considered survey evidence that nearly half of all smokers agree that "smoking cannot be really dangerous or the government would ban cigarette advertising. "8 The conclusion from the evidence amass...