Abstract Correlation between rainfall and short period GPS-TEC (total electron content) variations are investigated by using the precipitation data obtained on ground estimated from satellite observations (JAXA/GSMaP) as a proxy of lower atmospheric wave activity. The at tropical station, PHIM, in Phimai, Thailand, for 2014–2020, mid-latitude NAKG, Tokara Nakanoshima Island, Japan, 2017–2019, e...