The adaptation to a strong light is one of the essential characteristics of green algae, yet lacking relatively the information about the photophobic responses of Eukaryotic microalgae. We investigated the photophobic step-up responses of Euglena gracilis over a time course of several hours with alternated repetition of blue-light pulse illumination and spatially patterned blue-light illuminati...

PURPOSE To evaluate the insertion torque of a soft-tissue interference screw in relation to depth of insertion into the tibial tunnel when used for fixation of a quadrupled semitendinosus-gracilis autograft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. TYPE OF STUDY Biomechanical cadaver study. METHODS Ten quadrupled semitendinosus-gracilis grafts were harvested from fresh-frozen cadaver kn...

Despite low donor-site morbidity and a straightforward dissection, the gracilis muscle flap is still for many surgeons a second choice in microsurgical reconstruction of the lower extremity in cases of osteomyelitis. They underscore the difficulty of the procedure, and the problems of insufficient muscle volume and a small sized vascular pedicle. The aim of this study was to assess the reliabil...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to investigate to what extent the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons had regenerated a minimum of six years after harvest for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The place of insertion and the area of the regenerated tendons were compared with the normal contra lateral side. To evaluate the function of the regenerated tendons, the strength in...

BACKGROUND Diatoms have attracted interest as biofuel producers. Here, the contents of lipids and photosynthetic pigments were analyzed in a marine centric diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis. This diatom can be genetically engineered using our previously reported transformation technique and has a potential to produce valuable materials photosynthetically. Sustainable culture conditions for cost-effe...

The goal of this study was to describe the intramuscular artery and nerve distribution in detail by different colors in the same whole mount gracilis muscle. Red latex injection into the external iliac artery was performed on 14 fresh human cadavers. Two weeks later, 28 gracilis muscles were harvested from the cadavers and during this course the number of the arterial pedicle of each specimen w...