The rice (Oryza sativa) dwarf mutant d61 phenotype is caused by loss of function of a rice BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 ortholog, OsBRI1. We have identified nine d61 alleles, the weakest of which, d61-7, confers agronomically important traits such as semidwarf stature and erect leaves. Because erect-leaf habit is considered to increase light capture for photosynthesis, we compared the biomass a...

II. IMPACT OF TERMINAL HEAT STRESS ..................................................................................................................................................2 A. Photosynthesis .......................................................................................................................................................................................................

To deliver food security for the 9 billon population in 2050, a 70% increase in world food supply will be required. Projected climatic and environmental changes emphasize the need for breeding strategies that delivers both a substantial increase in yield potential and resilience to extreme weather events such as heat waves, late frost, and drought. Heat stress around sensitive stages of wheat d...

Traditional breeding for high-yielding rice has been dependent on the widespread use of fertilizers and the cultivation of gibberellin (GA)-deficient semi-dwarf varieties. The use of semi-dwarf plants facilitates high grain yield since these varieties possess high levels of lodging resistance, and thus could support the high grain weight. Although this approach has been successful in increasing...

Intercropping often results in increasing production than sole per unit land area, but theunderlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Plants showed different physiologicalcharacteristics in intercropping and sole. However, less information was shown the relationshipsbetween plant aboveground biomass (AB), phosphorus accumulation (PB) and remobilizationand the yield advantage. Here, field exper...

Protein content (PC) is a crucial factor that determines the end-use and nutritional quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Glutamine synthetase (GS), which is a major participant in nitrogen metabolism, can convert inorganic nitrogen into organic nitrogen. Although many studies have been conducted on PC and GS, a dynamic analysis of all of the filling stages has not been conducted. Therefore, 1...

Crop yields are limited by a combination of biotic stresses, abiotic stresses, and nutritional factors. various analyses have suggested that abiotic stress—due primarily to drought, heat, cold or salinity—is the major factor that prevents crops from realizing their full yield potential (e.g. Boyer, 98 ; edmeades, 008). Increases in crop yields through conventional plant breeding result from gen...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play crucial roles in the regulation of plant development. In this study, high-throughput RNA-sequencing technology was used to identify novel miRNAs, and to reveal miRNAs expression patterns at different developmental stages during rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain filling. A total of 434 known miRNAs (380, 402, 390 and 392 at 5, 7, 12 and 17 days after fertili...