We present the LexGram system as a lean and lexicalist grammar formalism, which ooers a small but powerful set of linguistic tools. Such a lean formalism is easier and faster to implement, since a smaller number of operations have to be modelled. In addition, we argue that grammar writing itself is alleviated. LexGram supports a very concise encoding of grammars as an inheritance hierarchy of s...

The LinGO (Linguistic Grammars Online) project’s English Resource Grammar and the LKB grammar development environment are language resources which are freely available for download for any purpose, including commercial use (see http://lingo.stanford.edu). Executable programs and source code are both included. In this paper, we give an outline of the LinGO English grammar and LKB system, and dis...

This study investigates the validity of a writing model proposed as the underlying structure of the writing skill in English as a foreign language (EFL). Four writing prompts were administered to 178 Iranian EFL learners. The scripts were then scored according to writing benchmarks similar to the IELTS Writing criteria but narrower in scope. After interand intra-rater reliability analysis, a th...

The objective of this research is to find out whether or not there a significant effect using climbing grammar mountain game on students writing achievement the eighth-grade at MTsN 2 Batanghari. This was quantitative that conducted with quasi-experimental design. subjects in were 39 students. study result showed mean post-test score (56.62) higher than pre-test (51.69) experimental class. p-va...

This study tries to investigate the perception of Saudi students at Jazan University about native English-speaking teachers (NEST) and non-native based on their teaching language skills grammar. The 50 English was collected from taught by these teachers. findings show that are outstanding reading, listening speaking. In contrast, very good grammar, reading writing skills. will help government e...

The article is devoted to the role of grammar in an ESP class – students who don’t specialize English and need primarily for professional reading. authors argue that most important language skill special purposes framework tertiary education academic reading, which serves as a basis developing speaking writing skills. Teaching reading impossible without formal systematic study grammar. principa...