Greenhouse gas emission trading programs have been initiated in the European Union, Canada and the United States in an effort to harness market forces to efficiently reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Three major methods for reducing or offsetting greenhouse gas emissions are purchasing greenhouse gas emission reduction credits, purchasing renewable energy certificates, and improving energy effic...

When governments decide to reduce greenhouse emissions, they must also create fair and workable programs. Outside the United States, industrialized countries have reached a consensus on the need to take action to slow climate change. Despite President Bush’s retreat from a campaign pledge to regulate carbon dioxide and his Administration’s disavowal of the Kyoto Protocol, even Bush acknowledges...

Waste management has at least Ž ve types of impacts on climate change, attributable to: (1) landŽ ll methane emissions; (2) reduction in industrial energy use and emissions due to recycling and waste reduction; (3) energy recovery from waste; (4) carbon sequestration in forests due to decreased demand for virgin paper; and (5) energy used in long-distance transport of waste: A recent USEPA stud...

3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) has been widely employed to reduce nitrogen leaching and greenhouse gas emissions in the soils of dry farmlands. However, the effects of DMPP on the dynamics of nitrogen in paddy fields remain unclear. For this study, treatments with 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, or 1.5% DMPP levels of nitrogen fertilization plus urea were designed to determine the effects on greenh...