Cell movement on adhesive surfaces is a complicated process based on myriad cell-surface interactions. Although both micron and nanoscale surface topography have been known to be important in understanding cell-materials interactions, typically only simple patterns (e.g., parallel lines or aligned posts) have been used in studying cell morphology, migration, and behavior. This restriction has l...

Areas encoding space in the brain contain both representations of position (place cells and grid cells) and representations of azimuth (head direction cells). Previous studies have already suggested that although grid cells and head direction cells reside in the same brain areas, the calculation of head direction is not dependent on the calculation of position. Here we demonstrate that realignm...

Grid technology is widespreading, but most grid-enabled applications just exploit shared storage resources rather than computational ones, or utilize static remote allocation mechanisms of Grid platforms. In this paper the porting on a Globus equipped platform of a hierarchically distributed-shared memory parallel version of an application for particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation of plasma turbule...

the present paper investigates the advantages of a new class of composite grid structures over conventional grids. thus far, a known grid structure such as orthogrid or isogrid has been used as an orthotropic layer with at most in-plane anisotropy. the present laminated grid is composed of various numbers of thin composite grid layers. the stiffness of the structure can be adjusted by choosing ...

A set of rectangles S is said to be grid packed if there exists a rectangular grid (not necessarily regular) such that every rectangle lies in the grid and there is at most one rectangle of S in each cell. The area of a grid packing is the area of a minimal bounding box that contains all the rectangles in the grid packing. We present an approximation algorithm that given a set S of rectangles a...

Mechanisms underlying grid cell firing in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) still remain unknown. Computational modeling studies have suggested that cellular properties such as spike frequency adaptation and persistent firing might underlie the grid cell firing. Recent in vivo studies also suggest that cholinergic activation influences grid cell firing. Here we investigated the anatomical dist...

In this issue of Neuron, Remme and colleagues examine the biophysics of synchronization between oscillating dendrites and soma. Their findings suggest that oscillators will quickly phase-lock when weakly coupled. These findings are at odds with assumptions of an influential model of grid cell response generation and have implications for grid cell response mechanisms.

background: in conventional radiation therapy, regarding normal tissue tolerance, the treatment of bulk tumors is one of the remaining challenges. grid radiation therapy (grt) is a technique to deliver high doses, approximately 15 – 20 gy per fraction, to several small volumes located in a large radiation field. this can be performed using a grid block. the current work has concentrated on the ...

Conventional maritime grids mostly only have one type of main power source. For example, seaports mainly rely on the grid, and plenty equipment is driven by fossil fuel which supplied outside transportation network. ships, engine source generators are shaft. However, with development electrification, capacities grow electricity becomes dominating energy form. Various efficient sources integrate...