Kombu RS, Zhang GF, Abbas R, Mieyal JJ, Anderson VE, Kelleher JK, Sanabria JR, Brunengraber H. Dynamics of glutathione and ophthalmate traced with H-enriched body water in rats and humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 297: E260–E269, 2009. First published April 28, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00080.2009.—We developed a LC-MS-MS assay of the H labeling of free glutathione (GSH) and bound glutathi...

The present study examined the kinetics of glutathione (GSH) concentration during maturation and after fertilization in pig oocytes and its relevance to the ability of pig oocytes to form a male pronucleus after in vitro fertilization. The GSH concentration was significantly higher in pig oocytes matured in Waymouth medium than in pig oocytes matured in either modified (m) TCM-199 or mTLP media...

A novel and convenient one-pot but two-step synthesis of fluorescent gold nanoclusters, incorporating glutathione (GSH) and 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) as the functionalized ligands (i.e. AuNCs@GSH/MUA), is demonstrated. Herein, the mixing of HAuCl4 and GSH in aqueous solution results in the immediate formation of non-fluorescent GSH-Au(+) complexes, and then a class of ∼2.6 nm GSH-coated ...

Alteration of the ubiquitous thiol tripeptide glutathione (GSH) is involved in oxidative stress, which plays a role in ageing; consequently, GSH is closely related to this process characterized by progressive decline in the efficiency of physiological function and increased susceptibility to disease. When circulating GSH decreases, oral administration might be considered a therapeutic benefit. ...

We investigated glutathione level, activities of selenium independent GSH peroxidase, selenium dependent GSH peroxidase, GSH S-transferase, GSH reductase and the rate of lipid peroxidation expressed as the level of malondialdehyde in liver tissues obtained from patients diagnosed with cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. GSH level was found to be lower in malignant tissues compared to adjacen...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by degeneration of dopamine (DA)-containing nigro-striatal neurons. Loss of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Previously, we showed that the oxidant hydrogen peroxide inhibits vesicular uptake of DA in nigro-striatal neurons. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by GSH and, therefore, we investigated a possible l...

The most important extracellular antioxidant in the lung is glutathione (GSH). The epithelial lining fluid of normal lungs contains very high concentrations of this tripeptide, about 100 times higher than that found in the extracellular fluid of many other tissues. How these high extracellular GSH levels are established and the mechanisms for increases (e.g. smokers) or decreases (e.g. lung fib...

Redox-induced regulation of the Na-K-ATPase was studied in dispersed rat cerebellar granule cells. Intracellular thiol redox state was modulated using glutathione (GSH)-conjugating agents and membrane-permeable ethyl ester of GSH (et-GSH) and Na-K-ATPase transport and hydrolytic activity monitored as a function of intracellular reduced thiol concentration. Depletion of cytosolic and mitochondri...

Altered antioxidant status has been reported in schizophrenia. The glutathione (GSH) redox system is important for reducing oxidative stress. GSH, a radical scavenger, is converted to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) through glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and converted back to GSH by glutathione reductase (GR). Measurements of GSH, GSSG and its related enzymatic reactions are thus important for evalu...

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) should no longer be viewed primarily as a ‘chloride Abstract channel’ but recognized as a channel that also controls the efflux of other physiologically important anions, such as glutathione (GSH) and bicarbonate. More effective approaches to cystic fibrosis treatment may result from this reconceptualization of the CFTR by researchers and clini...