The chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is typically associated or follows a recognized or presumed infection. Abnormalities of both humoral and cellular immunity have been demonstrated in a substantial proportion of patients with CFS. The most consistent findings are of impaired lymphocyte responses to mitogen. As an antioxidant, glutathione (GSH) is essential for allowing the lymphocyte to express...

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) should no longer be viewed primarily as a ‘chloride Abstract channel’ but recognized as a channel that also controls the efflux of other physiologically important anions, such as glutathione (GSH) and bicarbonate. More effective approaches to cystic fibrosis treatment may result from this reconceptualization of the CFTR by researchers and clini...

The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator (CFTR) should no longer be viewed primarily as a ‘chloride Abstract channel’ but recognized as a channel that also controls the efflux of other physiologically important anions, such as glutathione (GSH) and bicarbonate. More effective approaches to cystic fibrosis treatment may result from this reconceptualization of the CFTR by researchers and clini...

An early and highly specific decrease in glutathione (GSH) in the substantia nigra is associated with Parkinson's disease, and low levels of GSH lead to the degeneration of cultured dopaminergic neurons. Using immature cortical neurons and a clonal nerve cell line, it is shown that a decrease in GSH triggers the activation of neuronal 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX), which leads to the production of p...

This study investigated the age effect on antioxidant adaptation to muscle disuse. Adult and old rats were randomized into 4 groups: weight bearing (control), 3 days of hind-limb unloading (HU), 7 days of HU, and 14 days of HU. Activities of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione (GSH), as well as GSH peroxidase levels were measured in the soleus. Neither disuse nor aging c...

TGFbeta1-induced hepatocyte apoptosis involves the production of reactive oxygen species. An effective cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress is the tripeptide glutathione (GSH), and the rate-limiting step in GSH biosynthesis is catalyzed by the heterodimeric holoenzyme glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL). Here, we demonstrate that TGFbeta1-induced apoptosis in the TAMH murine hepatocy...

Depletion of glutathione (GSH) by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) has been reported to be toxic against some cancer cells and to sensitize many tumours including neuroblastoma (NB) to anticancer drugs. The balance between the production rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the function of GSH affects the intracellular reduction-oxidation status, which is crucial for the regulation of several ...

The anti-neoplastic prodrug, cyclophosphamide, requires biotransformation to phosphoramide mustard (PM), which partitions to volatile chloroethylaziridine (CEZ). PM and CEZ are ovotoxicants, however their ovarian biotransformation remains ill-defined. This study investigated PM and CEZ metabolism mechanisms through the utilization of cultured postnatal day 4 (PND4) Fisher 344 (F344) rat ovaries...

BACKGROUND There is mounting clinical evidence that ethanol toxicity to the pancreas is linked with glutathione depletion from oxidative stress but there is not experimental proof that this occurs. AIMS AND METHODS The effect of acute ethanol ingestion (4 g/kg) on the pancreatic content of reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), and carbonyl proteins were therefo...