Vyas, Dharmesh R., Espen E. Spangenburg, Tsghe W. Abraha, Thomas E. Childs, and Frank W. Booth. GSK-3 negatively regulates skeletal myotube hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 283: C545–C551, 2002. First published April 3, 2002; 10.1152/ajpcell.00049.2002.—To determine whether changes in glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3 ) phosphorylation contribute to muscle hypertrophy, we delineated the e...

A microarray-assisted gene expression screen of chicken heterophils revealed glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a multifunctional Ser/Thr kinase, to be consistently upregulated 30-180 min following stimulation with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis). The present study was designed to delineate the role of GSK-3β in regulating the innate function of chicken heterophils i...

Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by brain atrophy particularly in striatum leading to personality changes, chorea and dementia. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase in the crossroad of many signaling pathways that is highly pleiotropic as it phosphorylates more than hundred substrates including structural, metabolic, a...

Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) is a ubiquitously expressed constitutively active serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates cellular substrates and thereby regulates a wide variety of cellular functions, including development, metabolism, gene transcription, protein translation, cytoskeletal organization, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. The activity of GSK-3beta is negatively...

ishevelled (DVL) is associated with axonal microtubules and regulates microtubule stability through the inhibition of the serine/threonine kinase, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3 ). In the canonical WNT pathway, the negative regulator Axin forms a complex with -catenin and GSK-3 , resulting in -catenin degradation. Inhibition of GSK-3 by DVL increases -catenin stability and TCF transcriptiona...

Agents that elevate intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels promote neuronal survival in a manner independent of neurotrophic factors. Inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and dominant-inactive mutants of the protein kinase Akt do not block the survival effects of cAMP, suggesting that another signaling pathway is involved. In this report, we demonstrate that elevation of intracellular cA...

Ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression plays an important role in UVB tumor promotion. We examined whether Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta), components of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway, are involved in UVB induction of COX-2 transcription. UVB caused Akt phosphorylation at both Thr-308 and Ser-473 that was inhibited by LY294002, a phosphat...

Glucose transport is a highly regulated process and is dependent on a variety of signaling events. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has been implicated in various aspects of the regulation of glucose transport, but the mechanisms by which GSK-3 activity affects glucose uptake have not been well defined. We report that basal glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity regulates glucose transpo...

BACKGROUND Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) plays an important role in human cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of expression of GSK-3α/β and pGSK-3α/β(Tyr279/216) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and to investigate whether GSK-3 inhibition can influence cell viability and tumor growth of ovarian cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemistry w...

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is located in hypothalamus regulates the mammalian physiological and behavioral rhythms to approximately 24hr. Lithium is one of the most commonly used drugs in treatment of bipolar disorder. It can also lengthen the period of circadian rhythms in most organisms, although little is known about the underlying mechanism. In our study, we showed that wild-t...