An automatic recognition of online handwritten text has been an on-going research problem for nearly four decades. It has been gaining more interest due to the increasing popularity of hand-held computers, digital notebooks and advanced cellular phones. However for these input modalities to be economical and user friendly the recognition rate should be very high for real time use. Also, the lar...

The recognition of unconstrained handwriting continues to be a difficult task for computers despite active research for several decades. This is because handwritten text offers great challenges such as character and word segmentation, character recognition, variation between handwriting styles, different character size and no font constraints as well as the background clarity. In this paper pri...

In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for recognition of handwritten numerals for a regional language Odia of the Indian continent. Additional attempts have also been made to implement this scheme for recognition of handwritten numerals of two other languages namely, Bangla and English. Thus, the proposed scheme has been generalised to three different languages. Three variants of time series...

This paper presents writer-independent offline handwritten character recognition for Ethiopic script. The recognition is based on the characteristics of primitive strokes that make up characters. The spatial relationships of primitives whose combinations form complex structures of Ethiopic characters are used as a basis for recognition. Although this approach efficiently recognizes properly wri...

Hal yang kritis dalam proses pengenalan pola adalah ekstraksi fitur. Merupakan suatu metode untuk mendapatkan ciri-ciri citra (image) sehingga dapat dikenali satu sama lain. Pada penelitian ini, deskriptor Fourier digunakan mengekstraksi aksara Lontara terdiri dari 23 huruf. Deskriptor objek dan pemrosesan merepresentasikan bentuk batas segmen citra. Pengenalan karakter dilakukan dengan menggun...

Mathematics is a topic in American education in which students lag behind their international peers, yet it is a key building block for high-performing careers in science, computers, and engineering. Intelligent tutoring systems have been helping to narrow this gap by providing students with opportunities to practice problem-solving and receive detailed feedback along the way, letting them work...

This paper investigates the automatic reading of unconstrained omni-writer handwritten texts. It shows how to endow the reading system with learning faculties necessary to adapt the recognition to each writer’s handwriting. In the 2rst part of this paper, we explain how the recognition system can be adapted to a current handwriting by exploiting the graphical context de2ned by the writer’s inva...

This work introduces two unconventional applications for sequence alignment algorithms outside the domain of bioinformatics: handwriting recognition and speech recognition. In each application we treated data samples, such as the path of a handwritten pen stroke, as a protein sequence and use the FastA sequence alignment tool to classify unknown data samples, such as a written character. That i...