BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with stroke and patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) are at high risk for vascular events and may not exhibit the signs and symptoms of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We investigated if asymptomatic PAD detected by ankle brachial index <0.9 is independently associated with recurrent vascular events in patients with stroke or TIA. METHODS In this pr...

The present study introduces a multi-criteria index to assess flood hazard areas in a regional scale. Accordingly, a Flood Hazard Index (FHI) has been defined and a spatial analysis in a GIS environment has been applied for the estimation of its value. The developed methodology processes information of seven parameters namely flow accumulation, distance from the drainage network, elevation, lan...

BACKGROUND Criteria pollutants have been associated with exacerbation of children's asthma, but the role of air toxics in relation to asthma is less clear. Our objective was to evaluate whether exposure to outdoor air toxics in early childhood increased asthma risk or severity. METHODS Air toxics exposure was estimated using the 2002 National Air toxics Assessment (NATA) and linked to longitu...

background: turkey, especially the northern part of it, was one of the countries which were contaminated by the chernobyl accident.  rize is a city located in the northeastern district of turkey which was heavily influenced by the chernobyl nuclear accident. materials and methods: in this study, the activity concentrations of natural (226ra, 232th, 40k) and artificial (137cs) were measurements ...

a study on natural radioactivity in virgin and agricultural soil samples collected from sungai petani was conducted using high-purity germanium. the mean activity concentrations of 226ra, 232th, and 40k in virgin soils were 51.06±5.83, 78.44±6.42, and 125.66±7.26 bq kg−1, respectively, while those in agricultural soils were 80.63±5.78, 116.87±7.87, and 200.66±18.24 bq kg−1, respectively. the co...

BACKGROUND Frailty, as defined by the index derived from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS index), predicts risk of adverse outcomes in older adults. Use of this index, however, is impractical in clinical practice. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study in 6701 women 69 years or older to compare the predictive validity of a simple frailty index with the components of weight loss, ...

Sulak alan ekosistemleri çok sayıda fauna ve flora türüne yaşam ortamı sunan, aynı zamanda insanların faydalandığı önemli doğal kaynak değerleridir. Son yıllarda artan antropojenik etkiler sulak alanlarda PTE kaynaklı ekolojik bozulmaya buralardan çeşitli yollarla faydalanan insanlar üzerinde sağlık risklerine neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, bozulma riski analizleri yapmak için analitik metotlar ...

BACKGROUND Extreme obesity is recognized to be a risk factor for heart failure. It is unclear whether overweight and lesser degrees of obesity also pose a risk. METHODS We investigated the relation between the body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) and the incidence of heart failure among 5881 participants in the Framingham Heart Study (mean ag...