Three unitary split systems were evaluated for use with propane as the refrigerant. These three systems were then compared to systems using hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) R-22 and hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) R-410A for environmental effectiveness. The propane systems included one using safety measures, another using propane with flame suppressant, and one using a secondary heat transfer loop to iso...

HFC-23 (also known as CHF3, fluoroform or trifluoromethane) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), with a global warming potential (GWP) of 14 800 for a 100-year time horizon. It is an unavoidable by-product of HCFC22 (CHClF2, chlorodifluoromethane) production. HCFC22, an ozone depleting substance (ODS), is used extensively in commercial refrigeration and air conditioning, in the extruded polystyren...

The vast majority of emissions of fluorinecontaining molecules are anthropogenic in nature, e.g. chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). These molecules slowly degrade in the atmosphere, leading to the formation of HF, COF2, and COClF, which are the main fluorinecontaining species in the stratosphere. Ultimately both COF2 and COClF further de...

Abstract. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) was a limb-viewing infrared Fourier transform spectrometer that operated from 2002 to 2012 aboard the Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT). final re-processing of full MIPAS mission Level 2 data performed with ESA operational version 8 (v8) processor. This dataset includes not only retrieval results pressure–temperatur...