OBJECTIVES Studies have widely documented the socioeconomic inequalities in maternal and child health related outcomes in developing countries including India. However, there is limited research on the inequalities in advice provided by public health workers on maternal and child health during antenatal visits. This paper investigates the inequalities in advice provided by public health workers...

The first annual report of the Chief Public Health Officer on the State of Public Health in Canada draws notable attention to health inequalities in Canada. This report provides a compelling presentation of our current health status and the uneven distribution of health across the population, noting persistent and sizeable gaps in life expectancy, infant mortality, self-reported health, prevale...

BACKGROUND HPV immunisation of adolescent girls is expected to have a significant impact in the reduction of cervical cancer. UK The HPV immunisation programme is primarily delivered by school nurses. We examine the role of school nurses in delivering the HPV immunisation programme and their impact on minimising health inequalities in vaccine uptake. METHODS AND FINDINGS A rapid evidence asse...

BACKGROUND Over the past decades, both health inequalities and income inequalities have been increasing in many European countries, but it is unknown whether and how these trends are related. We test the hypothesis that trends in health inequalities and trends in income inequalities are related, i.e. that countries with a stronger increase in income inequalities have also experienced a stronger...

Studies on health inequalities have usually focused either on mortality or on morbidity. This concerns national studies as well as international comparisons of health inequalities. This paper seeks to bridge the gap by applying health expectancy as a synthetic overall measure of health. The purpose of the study is to compare socioeconomic inequalities in health expectancy in Finland and Norway ...

S ocial inequalities in health are to be found in all European countries (Mackenbach et al., 2008; van Dooslaer et al., 2004). Following a report from the World Health Organisation Commission on Social Determinants of Health (WHO, 2008), health inequalities were recognised as a major public health issue. Reducing these inequalities has thus become a stated political objective in numerous Europe...

Health inequality exists in this world, across, within, and between every society and in every State. These inequalities manifest themselves in a number of ways, including but not limited to malnutrition levels, chronic diseases such as diabetes, access to fresh foods, rates of incarceration, and exposure to environmental hazards. There is an association between a lower Socio-Economic Status (S...

The distribution of income related health inequalities appears to exhibit changing patterns when both developing countries and developed countries are examined. This paper tests for the existence of a health Kuznets' curve; that is, an inverse U-shape pattern between economic developments (as measured by GDP per capita) and income-related health inequalities (as measured by concentration indice...

BACKGROUND Comparisons among countries can help to identify opportunities for the reduction of inequalities in health. We compared the magnitude of inequalities in mortality and self-assessed health among 22 countries in all parts of Europe. METHODS We obtained data on mortality according to education level and occupational class from census-based mortality studies. Deaths were classified acc...

Dimension-independent Harnack inequalities are derived for a class of subordinate semigroups. In particular, for a diffusion satisfying the BakryEmery curvature condition, the subordinate semigroup with power α satisfies a dimension-free Harnack inequality provided α ∈ ` 1 2 , 1 ́ , and it satisfies the log-Harnack inequality for all α ∈ (0, 1). Some infinite-dimensional examples are also presen...