BACKGROUND Evidence based resource allocation and decentralized planning of an effective HIV/AIDS response requires reliable information on levels and trends of HIV at national and sub-national geographic levels. HIV sentinel surveillance data from antenatal clinics (HSS-ANC) has been an important data source to assess the HIV/AIDS epidemic in India, but has a number of limitations. We assess t...

It is increasingly recognized that stronger health systems are needed to deliver health care interventions at the scale necessary to achieve and sustain healthrelated Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), especially in Africa (1, 2). This is evident in the growing willingness of two of the largest global health initiatives, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and the Global ...

establishment of medical research centers at universities and health-related organizations and annually evaluation of their research activities was one of the strategic policies which followed by governmental organization in last decade in order to strengthening the connections between health research system and health system. the aim of this study is to scrutinize the role of medical research ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the concordance between the Rachmilewitz endoscopic activity index (EAI) and the Harpaz histopathological activity scoring system (HSS), which are used for evaluating the disease activity of ulcerative colitis (UC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study included 109 patients with UC. Based on the disease extent, patients were divided into two groups as ...

Health funders at the national, state, and local levels have made substantial commitments to improve the functionality of the public health system. Using a variety of approaches, they have sought to develop the capabilities, services, and competencies that enhance public health practice. These efforts include developing the operational capacity of public health agencies and raising performance ...

Background Non-communicable diseases are the leading causes of global burden of diseases, and hypertension is one of the most important risk factors. Hypertension prevalence doubled in China in the past decade and affects more than 300 million Chinese people. In the review we systematically searched peer-reviewed publications that link health system level factors with hypertension management in...

Evidence demonstrates that scale-up of HIV services has produced stronger health systems and, conversely, that stronger health systems were critical to the success of the HIV scale-up. Increased access to and effectiveness of HIV treatment and care programs, attention to long-term sustainability, and recognition of the importance of national governance, and country ownership of HIV programs hav...

The optimal parameter of the Hermitian/skew-Hermitian splitting (HSS) iteration method for a real 2-by-2 linear system is obtained. The result is used to determine the optimal parameters for linear systems associated with certain 2-by-2 block matrices, and to estimate the optimal parameters of the HSS iteration method for linear systems with n-by-n real coefficient matrices. Numerical examples ...

In this paper, we study an important class of structured matrices: ”Hierarchically Semi-Separable (HSS)” matrices, for which an efficient hierarchical state based representation called Hierarchically Semi-Separable (HSS) representation can be used to utilize the data sparsity of the HSS matrices. A novel algorithm with O(n) complexity is proposed to construct suboptimal HSS representations from...

Hepatic stimulator substance (HSS) protects liver cells from various toxins. However, the mechanism by which HSS protects hepatocytes remains unclear. In this study, we report that the HSS gene, after transfection into BEL-7402 hepatocma cells, is stably expressed in the mitochondria. Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced cell apoptosis in the HSS-transfected cells is reduced, as shown by morpho...