In the single IV model, current practice relies on first-stage F exceeding some threshold (e.g., 10) as a criterion for trusting t-ratio inferences, even though this yields an anti-conservative test. We show that true 5 percent test instead requires greater than 104.7. Maintaining 10 replacing critical value 1.96 with 3.43. re-examine 57 AER papers and find corrected inference causes half of in...

Let H and C be sets of functions from domain X to <. We say that H validly generalises C from approximate interpolation if and only if for each η > 0 and , δ ∈ (0, 1) there is m0(η, , δ) such that for any function t ∈ C and any probability distribution P on X, if m ≥ m0 then with Pm-probability at least 1− δ, a sample x = (x1, x2, . . . , xm) ∈ Xm satisfies ∀h ∈ H, |h(xi)− t(xi)| < η, (1 ≤ i ≤ ...

I read with interest the remarks of Reuben J. Silver, which were published in the November 2001 issue of the American Psychologist on the occasion of his receiving the Award for Distinguished Contributions to Applied Psychology as a Professional Practice. Silver took the opportunity to delineate his approach to the practice of professional psychology. He described a perspective that combines an...

Models of configurable products can have hundreds of variables and thousands of configuration constraints. A product engineer usually has a limited responsibility area, and thus is interested in only a small subset of the variables that are relevant to the responsibility area. It is important for the engineer to have an overview of possible products with respect to the responsibility area, with...

in modern legal systems there are a variety of sources of law. judicial precedent is one of the legal sources; thus, precedents of supreme court, like enactments of parliament, are enforceable in courts. this similarity between precedents and acts impose many problems as role of supreme court in interpretation of   laws. but the most important problem is the possibility of changing previous pre...

Temporal database management systems should offer user-friendly and powerful means of retrieval of data according to temporal criteria. Selection of tuples according to their valid times, which is the times when the information represented by the tuples is valid in the modeled reality [16], is termed valid-time selection. The attributes to be computed and returned from a query are specified in ...

In many temporally oriented applications, it is known that events have occurred but the exact time when an event has occurred is not known. For example, a blood test of a diabetic patient may yield information that the patient's blood glucose level is above the safe threshold but may not exactly tell when that has happened. Such temporal events are said to have valid-time indeterminacy, where t...