Sustained re-opening of collapsed lung tissue (recruitment) requires the application of airway pressures that exceed those of the tidal cycle. The post-maneuver PEEP as well as the duration of high pressure application are also key factors in its success, with their accompanying potential for hemodynamic compromise. Although a wide variety of recruiting maneuvers have been described, the techni...

This paper presents a numerical investigation of the axisymmetric, pressure driven motion of single file erythrocyte (i.e., red blood cell) suspensions flowing in capillaries of diameter 8-11 μm. Our study successfully recreates several important in vivo hemodynamic and hemorheological properties of microscopic blood flow, such as parachute shape of the cells, blunt velocity profile, and the Fa...

Doppler echocardiography can provide insight into the diastolic properties of the left ventricle. The hemodynamic origins of the diastolic mitral flow velocity profile are reviewed and Doppler information is compared to other measures of left ventricular diastolic function. Factors affecting the mitral diastolic flow velocity in both normal populations and pathologic conditions are discussed an...

itric oxide (NO) is released by endothelial cells in response to hemodynamic forces (eg, shear stress, axial strain) and has vasodilator and anti-atherogenic properties. Endothelial dysfunction is associated with diminished bioavailability of NO and poor prognosis in patients with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Rather than directly measuring NO concentrations, most previous studies ha...

Recently, adaptively timed, anticipatory changes in hemodynamic responses, independent of neural activity, were described in primate primary visual cortex. Task-related properties of these responses point to a possible link between regional cerebral microcirculation and dopaminergic signaling. In this report, this link is elaborated on the basis of known physiological data and further experimen...

Currently used methods of sedation for fiberoptic intubation such as benzodiazepines, propofol, or opioids have their limitations. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a selective alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has been used clinically for its sympatholytic, analgesic, and sedative properties. We report on 4 patients with particularly difficult airways who underwent successful awake fiberoptic intubation ...

This work is undertaken to develop a methodology to enhance the management of dredged marine an the North of France. The main objective of this study is to determine the main characteristics of these sediments. In this order, physical, mineralogical and chemical properties of both types of sediments are measured. Moreover, their potential impacts on the environment are assessed throughout leach...

The authors present an epizootiological analysis of myxomatosis in Poland. The biological, physical and chemical properties of virus strains used for the production and control of 'Myxovac M' vaccine are discussed. The long-term stability, safety and efficacy of the vaccine are demonstrated. Laboratory experiments were confirmed in large-scale field observations.

This review article will highlight and discuss the advances made over the last 10 years pertaining to physical and chemical property improvements through pharmaceutical cocrystals and, hopefully, draw closer the fields of crystal engineering and pharmaceutical sciences.