Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are key regulators of complex molecular networks due to the interaction of their sugar chains with a large number of partner proteins, which in humans number more than 200 (Ori, A., Wilkinson, M. C., and Fernig, D. G. (2008) The heparanome and regulation of cell function: structures, functions and challenges. Front. Biosci. 13, 4309-4338). We developed a method to ...

Mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP) are associated with familial Alzheimer's disease. Recent development suggests that homo- and heterodimerization of APP and APP-like proteins (APLPs), which are enhanced by heparan sulfate binding, may play a role in signal transduction and cell adhesion. Despite efforts to model heparin binding based on known apo crystal structures, the mechanism of ...

• Green and renewable cellulose nanocrystals were utilized for heparin recovery. Polycationic side chains grafted from nanocrystals. Instantaneous heparin-capture in biological conditions reduced recovery efforts. Selective heparin-recovery was achieved via salt concentration or pH adjustment. Significantly higher ability than Amberlite achieved. Heparin is one of the most important anticoagula...

The interaction of heparin with heparin binding growth-associated molecule (HB-GAM) was studied using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). ITC studies showed that, in solution, heparin bound HB-GAM with a deltaH of -30 kcal/mole corresponding to a dissociation constant (Kd) of 460 nM. The stoichiometry of interaction was 3 moles of HB-GAM per mole of hepar...

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was examined as part of a continuing study of the interaction of proteins and peptides with the glycosaminoglycan heparin. BNP was tentatively identified as a heparin-binding protein on the basis of its cyclic structure and the high frequency of the basic amino acid residues, lysine and arginine. Thermodynamic analysis using isothermal titration calorimetry confi...

SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread throughout the world’s population since its initial discovery in 2019. The virus infects cells via a glycosylated spike protein located on surface. primarily binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor, using glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) as co-receptors. Here, we performed bioinformatics and molecular dynamics simulations of investigate existence addition...

The last step of heparin biosynthesis is thought to involve the action of 3-O-sulfotransferase resulting in the formation of an antithrombin III (ATIII) binding site required for heparin's anticoagulant activity. The isolation of a significant fraction of heparin chains without antithrombin III-binding sites and having low affinity for ATIII suggests the presence of a precursor site, lacking th...

Heparin preparations from pig intestinal mucosa and from bovine lung were separated by chromatography on antithrombin-Sepharose into a high-affinity fraction (with high anticoagulant activity) and a low-affinity fraction (with low anticoagulant). Antithrombin-binding heparin fragments (12-16 monosaccharide units) were prepared, either by digesting a high-affinity heparin-antithrombin complex wi...

Heparin and heparan sulfate have recently been shown to bind to snake cardiotoxin (CTX) and to potentiate its penetration into phospholipid monolayer under physiological ionic conditions. Herein we analyze the heparin-binding domain of CTX using 10 CTXs from Taiwan and African cobra venom. We also performed computer modeling to obtain more information of the binding at molecular level. The resu...