The evaporation coefficients of water in air and nitrogen were found as a function of temperature by studying the evaporation of a pure water droplet. The droplet was levitated in an electrodynamic trap placed in a climatic chamber maintaining atmospheric pressure. Droplet radius evolution and evaporation dynamics were studied with high precision by analyzing the angle-resolved light scattering...

As the phase-out of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) approaches, there is a current need for the development of new vapor compression chillers which can operate with non-CFC refrigerants while still maintaining high operating efficiencies. Redesign of the traditional flooded evaporator used in refrigeration chillers so as to incorporate a spray evaporation capability offers both a potential for incr...

In this paper, we study the influence of the upper gas layer on the drying and gelation of a polymer solution. The gel is formed due to the evaporation of the binary solution into (inert) air. A one-dimensional model is proposed, where the evaporation flux is more realistically described than in previous studies. The approach is based on general thermodynamic principles. A composition-dependent...

Understanding soil evaporation in reforestation processes in an area of extreme drought is important. We examined the effects of drip-irrigated, high-salinity groundwater on the formation of soil salt crusts and subsequent soil evaporation in the Taklimakan Desert Highway Shelterbelt. Soil evaporation was measured using micro-lysimeters (MLS, 20 cm in length × 10 cm in diameter), and chemical c...

For ultra-high-throughput screening, 10-30 nl of compound dissolved in 75% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/25% water (vol/vol) is spotted into 1,536- and 3,456-well ChemLib plates (Aurora Biotechnologies, Carlsbad, CA) and stored appropriately for a short time before screening. Although this practice eliminates the compound plating bottleneck, plated volumes of DMSO slowly evaporate from assay wells ...

The extra-solar planet HD209458b has been found to have an extended atmosphere of escaping atomic hydrogen (Vidal-Madjar et al. 2003), suggesting that “hot Jupiters” closer to their parent stars could evaporate. Here we estimate the atmospheric escape (so called evaporation rate) from hot Jupiters and their corresponding life time against evaporation. The calculated evaporation rate of HD209458...

Volatile element and compound abundances vary widely in planets and were set during the earliest stages of solar system evolution. Experiments or natural analogs approximating these early conditions are limited. Using silicate glass formed from arkosic sands during the first nuclear detonation at the Trinity test site, New Mexico, we show that the isotopes of zinc were fractionated during evapo...

Abstract The effects of changes in climate on aquifer storage and groundwater flow to rivers have been investigated using an idealized representation of the aquifer/river system. The generalized aquifer/river model can incorporate spatial variability in aquifer transmissivity and is applied with parameters characteristic of Chalk and Triassic sandstone aquifers in the United Kingdom, and is als...