A size-dependent Euler–Bernoulli beam model, which accounts for nonlocal stress field, strain gradient field and higher order inertia force field, is derived based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory considering velocity gradient effect. The governing equations and boundary conditions are derived both in dimensional and dimensionless form by employed the Hamilton principle. The analytical so...

Abstract. We show how spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in the vacuum state of higher-derivative supergravity is transmitted, as explicit soft supersymmetry-breaking terms, to the effective Lagrangian of the standard electroweak model. The general structure of the soft supersymmetry breaking terms is presented and a new scenario for understanding the gauge hierarchy problem, based on the funct...

A common assumption of political economy is that profit rates across firms or sectors tend to uniformity, and often models are formulated in which this tendency is assumed to have been realised. But in reality this tendency is never realised and the distribution of firm profits is not degenerate but skewed to the right. The mode is less than the mean and super-profits are present. To understand...

A number of writers have supposed that for the full specification of belief, higher order probabilities are required. Some have even supposed that there may be an unending sequence of higher order probabilities of probabilities of probabilities.... In the present paper we show that higher order probabilities can always be replaced by the marginal distributions of joint probability distributions...

This paper is an investigation of LF-copies created by scrambling in the context of FNQ-constructions. It demonstrates that movement leaves a copy at LF only when it targets a position within the next search space; it does not leave an LF copy if movement takes place too close within a single domain of search space. By characterizing this in terms of “Distinctness of Copies,” this paper provide...

We consider a generalized version of a directionally reinforced random walk, which was originally introduced by Mauldin, Monticino, and von Weizsäcker in [20]. Our main result is a stable limit theorem for the position of the random walk in higher dimensions. This extends a result of Horváth and Shao [13] that was previously obtained in dimension one only (however, in a more stringent functiona...

This paper describes XRCE’s participation in Large Scale Visual Concept Detection and Annotation Task [16] and Photo Retrieval Task [17] of ImageCLEF 2009. Those tasks both use a new collection which is different and which is much larger than the ones used in past sessions. Moreover, new kinds of challenge to tackle were designed such as new categories to detect or new types of topic to deal wi...

Only a few intertemporal optimal consumption and portfolio problems in partial and general equilibrium can be solved explicitly. It is illustrated in the paper that perturbation theory is a powerful tool for deriving approximate analytical solutions for the desired optimal policies in problems where general state dynamics are admitted and a preference for robustness is present. Starting from th...

The instrumental variable (IV) method is one of the most renowned methods for parameter estimation. Its bigger advantage is that it is applicable for open-loop as well as for closed-loop systems. The main difficulty in closed-loop identification is due to the correlation between the disturbances and the control signal induced by the loop. In order to overcome this problem, additional excitation...