The article summarizes the experience of countering organized and spontaneous manifestations ofterrorist-oriented crime revolutionary radicalism accumulated by law enforcement agencies theRussian Empire in second half XIX — early XX century. aim study is to comprehendthe counteraction terrorism movement Russian as threats itssustainable development. aspects interaction with various layers ofsoc...

Determination of the pre-mining geochemical baseline in bed sediments and the paleoecology in a watershed impacted by historical mining activity is of utmost importance in establishing watershed restoration goals. We have approached this problem in the Animas River watershed using geomorphologic mapping methods to identify old pre-mining sediments. A systematic evaluation of possible sites resu...

The Web runs at risk. Our generation has witnessed a revolution in human communications on a trajectory similar to that of the origins of the written word and language itself. Early Web pages have an historical importance comparable with prehistoric cave paintings or proto-historic pressed clay ciphers. They are just as fragile. The ease of creation, editing and revising gives content a flexibl...

M3art database contains data about colours behaviour in VIS and NIR spectral bands. The database is open, publicly available and should serve as the knowledge base for further study of optical properties of pigments, drawing materials and canvases. The content of database consists of FORS and digital camera data collected in range 400-1050nm. Measurements were made on up to three layer samples ...

In the tradition of Activity Theory we analyse learning as a cultural-historical activity system, mediated by tools that both constrain and support the learners in their goals of transforming their knowledge and skills. We separate two perspectives, or layers, of tool-mediated activity. The semiotic layer describes learning as a semiotic system in which the learner’s objectoriented actions are ...

About infoDev's working papers series: These short papers represent work commissioned by infoDev that has not been through infoDev's peer review and formal publication processes. infoDev makes such reports available as informal 'working papers' to share information or ideas about a given topic, in case doing so may be of any interest or utility to practitioners working in related fields. Establ...

The multiple historical layers of Roger Chillingworth's character have been overlooked in criticism of The Scarlet Letter. By considering the possible influence of Robert Browning's dramatic poem Paracelsus (1835) on Hawthorne's romance (1850), as well as the ways in which overtones of both herbalism and clinical medicine complicate Chillingworth's character, one rediscovers Chillingworth as Ha...

In medicine at present, neural networks are a ‘hot’ research area, particularly in cardiology, radiology, urology, oncology etc. In the area of computer science, this new technology has been accepted. The purpose of a neural network is to map an input into a desired output. Combining neurons into layers permits artificial neural networks to solve highly complex classification problems. The vari...

Contemporary researchers strive to understand complex physical phenomena that involve many constituents, may be influenced by numerous forces, and may exhibit unexpected or emergent behavior. Often such "complex systems" are macroscopic manifestations of other systems that exhibit their own complex behavior and obey more elemental laws. This article proposes that areas of mathematics, even ones...