Thanks to their high energy density, light weight and long cycle life, rechargeable lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have become one of the dominant power sources for portable electronic devices. With the growing need for higher capacity and safety, numerous efforts have been made to develop alternative high-performance electrode materials for next-generation LIBs. As an example, the anode electrod...

The small heat-shock protein (sHSP) from Methanococcus jannaschii (Mj HSP16.5) forms a homomeric complex of 24 subunits and has an overall structure of a multiwindowed hollow sphere with an external diameter of approximately 120 A and an internal diameter of approximately 65 A with six square "windows" of approximately 17 A across and eight triangular windows of approximately 30 A across. This ...

We develop a multiscale model of ductile damage by void growth in general materials undergoing arbitrary deformations. The model is formulated in the spirit of multiscale finite element methods (FE), that is, the macroscopic behavior of the material is obtained by a simultaneous numerical evaluation of the response of a representative volume element. The representative microscopic model conside...

Assimilating hydrophilic hollow polymer spheres (HPS) into Nafion matrix by a loading of 0.5 wt % led to a restructured hydrophilic channel, composed of the pendant sulfonic acid groups (–SO3H) and the imbedded hydrophilic hollow spheres. The tiny hydrophilic hollow chamber was critical to retaining moisture and facilitating proton transfer in the composite membranes. To obtain such a tiny cavi...

This paper presents a detailed description of the computer implementation of a generalized midpoint algorithm for integration of constitutive relations for von Mises’ hardening material. A nonlinear scalar equation for determination of the plastic multiplier is derived. The solution of this equation for a hardening material, by the Newton-Raphson method, usually converges in threefour iteration...

Hollow-sphere bilayer nanofilm-based ultraviolet light photodetectors made from ZnO and ZnS spherical nanoshells show enhanced photocurrent, which are comparable to or even better than those of other semiconductor nanostructures with different shapes. In this work, the photocurrent enhancement mechanisms of these bilayer nanofilm-based ultraviolet light photodetectors are explained, which could...

Copper (I) oxide microparticles with the morphology of cubic and hollow sphere were synthesized with the assistance of surfactant as the shape controller. Both particles were then subjected to study the catalytic activity and observed the results of shape effects of catalysts on rate of catalytic reaction. The decolorizing reaction of crystal violet and sodium hydroxide was chosen and measured ...

In this paper the numerical approximations of the GinzburgLandau model for a superconducting hollow spheres are constructed using a gauge invariant discretization on spherical centroidal Voronoi tessellations. A reduced model equation is used on the surface of the sphere which is valid in the thin spherical shell limit. We present the numerical algorithms and their theoretical convergence as we...