Milk samples were collected from Holstein and Jersey breeds of dairy cattle maintained under the same management practices and environmental conditions over a seven-day period. Milk samples were collected twice daily from six cows of each breed as previously described (Tacoma et al., 2016) [1]. Samples were composited within individual cow over the experimental period and skimmed to remove the ...

Cindy Tian et al. report that meat and milk from cloned bulls and cows, respectively, appear to meet regulatory standards. The researchers cloned a Japanese Black beef bull and Holstein dairy cow, using somatic cell nuclear transfer, and compared the meat and milk from two beef clones and four dairy clones to that of geneticand breed-matched control animals bred through conventional reproductio...

The purpose of this study was to determine clinical disease incidence in eight non-seasonally calving, pasture-fed dairy herds in the southern highlands district of New South Wales. This was a longitudinal population study. The study included all cows that calved between January 1994 and December 1995 and consisted of 2111 lactation records from 1430 cows. The incidence of the more common disea...

The objectives of this study were to relate concentrations of plasma (PUN) and milk (MUN) urea nitrogen to pregnancy rate in dairy cows and compare various methods of analysis and preparation of milk for measuring MUN. In two experiments, blood or milk samples were collected on the day of AI from Holstein cows (n = 160 and n = 155, respectively). Three methods of MUN analysis were compared. Two...

Dairy producers have selected for higher milk production for many years. Genetic improvement causes an average Holstein cow born in 2003 to produce over 7,000 pounds more milk in one lactation than her ancestor born in 1960 produced. Type traits, particularly udders and feet and legs, have also improved because of intensive selection. However, the health and fertility of dairy cows cannot be in...

BACKGROUND Downer cow syndrome (DCS) is often diagnosed in dairy cattle during the early post-partum period. The etiology of this condition is not completely understood, as it can be related to the energetic or electrolyte metabolism, as well as to infectious diseases or to trauma. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to compare energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity indices and ...

Water is used in dairy farming for producing feed, watering the animals, and cleaning and disinfecting barns and equipment. The objective of this study was to investigate the drinking and cleaning water use in a dairy cow barn. The water use was measured on a well-managed commercial dairy farm in North-East Germany. Thirty-eight water meters were installed in a barn with 176 cows and two milkin...

Absract: Reproductive health problems are one of the most important problems that affect the production and productivity of dairy cows. Dystocia is also one of the reproductive health problems that cause considerable economic loss to the dairy industry. The main aims of this manuscript were to review risk factors and economic impact of dystocia in dairy cows. Dystocia is also defined as prolong...

An investigation was carried out on 74 organic dairy farms in Germany. Results were an average milk production of 5.960 kg, 223.000 somatic cell counts (SCC), 387 days calving interval, 23.5 % culling rate, 46 Euro annual veterinary costs per cow. Farmers were asked for disease incidences. Cows were scored for injuries and body condition. The results were combined with possible influencing fact...

Structural changes lead to increasing sizes of dairy herds and a reduction in grazing use. Thus, cows spend more time in the barn and become more exposed to the barn environment. The cubicle surface can result in damages of the cows' hock joint integument. Pasture is generally seen as a beneficial environment for cows. We hypothesized that a higher number of daily grazing hours reduce the proba...