Japan is at the forefront of global trend, particularly among advanced countries, an aging population with declining birthrate and urbanization. The way responds to resolves these issues may serve as a remedy for other countries going forward. Among Japan’s policies targeting “regional revitalization” development,” which seek establish sustainable society, this book focuses on Hometown Tax Dona...

Accessible online at: www.karger.com/journals/dsu The name Theodor Kocher (fig. 1) is obviously known to surgeons working not only in his hometown Bern, Switzerland, but also in the rest of the world. Outside Bern, probably, his name today is usually connected to ‘the Kocher maneuver’, or to some instrument, rather than to the 1909 Nobel laureate. Bern’s doctors and surgeons are proud of Theodo...

This paper examines the role played by local identity, or the attachment to a hometown, in restricting occupational choice and mobility. Providing economic foundations at the community level for this deviation from individual self-interest, the analysis links competition between ethnic networks in the Midwest when it was first developing, and the in-group identity that emerged endogenously to s...

JEL Classification: I120, Z130 Twenty-seven percent of the Union Army prisoners captured July 1863 or later died in captivity. At Andersonville the death rate may have been as high as 40 percent. How did men survive such horrific conditions? Using two independent data sets we find that friends had a statistically significant positive effect on survival probabilities and that the closer the ties...

This narrative study examined the process of personal storytelling between college-age friends who were similarly introverted or extraverted. Participants were 19 introverted and 20 extraverted same-sex pairs (49 percent female) who had been friends for an average of 18 months. Stories emerged spontaneously during 10-minute catch-up conversations. Extraverted friends more often told stories tha...

JEL Classification: I120, Z130 Twenty-seven percent of the Union Army prisoners captured July 1863 or later died in captivity. At Andersonville the death rate may have been as high as 40 percent. How did men survive such horrific conditions? Using two independent data sets we find that friends had a statistically significant positive effect on survival probabilities and that the closer the ties...

A 19-year-old white man was referred to the pulmonary clinic with a 2-month history of refractory cough, low-grade fevers, night sweats, and 30-lb weight loss. He had right-sided pleuritic pain and episodic scant hemoptysis. He denied smoking and using illicit drugs. He was single and had protected sex with two female partners over the past several years. He worked as a pipe fitter and denied a...

There’s Kareem, a 16-year-old Chicago southsider, who loves robots and movies and naturally can’t wait to see the new Transformers film, especially because they shot part of it in his hometown. He struggles in school because he does not understand how those things apply to his interests or to real life, so it’s easy to get bored and tune out. Luckily, he’s been able to develop his skills and in...