Optical switches are key elements in modern network communications. We present the results of experimental verification a new theoretical concept proposed earlier for full-optical wavelength-selective dual-channel switch based on photonic hook effect, which is free from using any micro-mechanical devices or nonlinear materials. A large-scale laboratory prototype such device an off-axis Wood zon...

Four-day-old etiolated cucumber cotyledons (Cucumis sativus, L.) were excised and allowed to green in white fluorescent light at 28 C. Cotyledons excised with a full hypocotyl hook exhibited a lag phase of 1 hour before entering the rapid greening phase, whereas cotyledons excised without any hypocotyl hook exhibited a lag phase of 6 hours. Cotyledons excised with varying lengths of hypocotyl h...

BACKGROUND Complete biceps tendon avulsions are frequently missed on clinical examination, suggesting the need for a reliable diagnostic test. HYPOTHESIS Complete distal biceps avulsions can be reliably detected with the Hook test. STUDY DESIGN Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. METHODS The hook test was performed by a single surgeon in a cohort of 45 patients undergoing surg...

A young man was admitted for penetrating chest injury. He fell from a ladder and was stabbed by craftsmen meat hook (Fig. 1). Chest X-ray (Fig. 2A) was done. Exploration through sternotomy showed the hook penetrating the right atrium. The hook was removed (Fig. 2B) and the right atrium closed successfully. Fig. 1. The patient at admission. He is a painter who fell from a ladder on the craftsmen...

The bacterial flagellum consists of a long external filament connected to a membrane-embedded basal body at the cell surface by a short curved structure called the hook. In Salmonella enterica, the hook extends 55 nm from the cell surface. FliK, a secreted molecular ruler, controls hook length. Upon hook completion, FliK induces a secretion-specificity switch to filament-type substrate secretio...

We report the results of 62 hips in 62 patients (17 males, 45 females) with mean age of 62.4 years (37 to 81), who underwent revision of the acetabular component of a total hip replacement due to aseptic loosening between May 2003 and November 2007. All hips had a Paprosky type IIIa acetabular defect. Acetabular revision was undertaken using a Procotyl E cementless oblong implant with modular s...

The bacterial flagellar hook is a tubular helical structure made by the polymerization of multiple copies of a protein, FlgE. Here we report the structure of the hook from Campylobacter jejuni by cryo-electron microscopy at a resolution of 3.5 Å. On the basis of this structure, we show that the hook is stabilized by intricate inter-molecular interactions between FlgE molecules. Extra domains in...

During friction stir lap joint welding, hooks are systematically formed at the interface of dissimilar Al2024/Ti-6Al-4V plates. Various dimensions and shapes observed according to welding parameters (welding speed, rotational speed double-pass). Based on digital image correlation (DIC) during tensile shear tests, it is found that features govern fracture behaviours and, hence, mechanical proper...

1878-3317/$ e see front matter Copyright 2012, Ta http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecm.2012.09.002 Background: The ideal fixation method for unstable distal clavicle fractures is still controversial. Clavicular hook plates (HPs) are an effective option but the clinical efficacy and advantages/disadvantages of this implant compared with the tension band wire technique in treating this fracture have ...