BACKGROUND Myanmar lies in the Greater Mekong sub-region of South-East Asia faced with the challenge of emerging resistance to artemisinin combination therapies (ACT). Migrant populations are more likely than others to spread ACT resistance. A vital intervention to reduce malaria transmission, resistance spread and eliminate malaria is the use of bed nets. Among seasonal and stable migrants in ...

There is considerable public, political and professional debate about the need for additional hospital beds in Australia. However, there is no clarity in regard to the definition, meaning and significance of hospital bed counts. Relative to population, there has been a total decline in bed availability in Australia over the past 15 years of 14.6% (22.9% for public hospital beds). This decline i...

Irrational, over and misuse of antibiotics arise as global concern in both hospital and community settings and lead to adverse events including antimicrobial resistance, associated health problems, amplified hospitalization stay and cost. Hence, Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) studies are designed to evaluate and improve the prescribing, administration and the rational use of medications. The...

OBJECTIVE We sought to characterize variation in hospital resource utilization and readmission for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) across US children's hospitals. METHODS The study sample included a retrospective cohort of children aged 2 to 18 years with a diagnosis of DKA at 38 children's hospitals between 2004 and 2009. The main outcomes were resource utilization as determined by total standar...

BACKGROUND The study aimed to identify thresholds for hospital bed utilisation which are independently associated with significantly higher risks for Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in acute hospitals in England. METHOD A retrospective analysis was carried out on reported data from the English National Health Service (NHS) for the financial year 2013/2014. Reported rates of CDI were us...

An important component of health care planning at the community level is identification inpatient hospital bed capacity. In United States, hospitals are major providers patient and largest sources expenses. This study evaluated capacity for services including adult medicine, surgery, obstetrics. It was based on local regional demographics, admissions per capita, inmigration, lengths stay. The a...

BACKGROUND Respiratory isolation of inpatients during evaluation for TB is a slow and costly process in low-burden settings. Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) is a novel molecular test for tuberculosis (TB) that is faster and more sensitive but substantially more expensive than smear microscopy. No previous studies have examined the costs of molecular testing as a replacement for smear microscopy in this s...

OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of central venous catheter (CVC)-associated bloodstream infection (CA-BSI) among patients admitted to general medical wards outside the intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN Prospective cohort study performed over a 13-month period, from April 1, 2002, through April 30, 2003. SETTING Four selected general medical wards at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, a 1,250-bed ...