Cultural Properties holds the rich heritage and is a matter of pride for entire mankind considered as property does not belong specifically to any religion, group or state. Despite this cultural has been attacked destroyed lot times either deliberately unintentionally during war. The instances destruction there in past also such cases are still increasing. course creates sense divide among peop...

Abstract What does proportionality reasoning mean for decision support in international humanitarian law ( ihl )? We first consider contemporary commentaries on as an analogue form of through a paradigmatic example. Over time, has changed from being rule-specific space discretionary making to much broader compromise-seeking within boundaries marked by law. Today, is master norm , remaking rules...

Abstract In this paper we introduce a computational control framework that can keep AI-driven military autonomous devices operating within the boundaries set by applicable rules of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) related to targeting. We discuss necessary legal tests and variables, structure hypothetical IHL-compliant targeting system.

This study is based on a bibliometric analysis of research publications which throws light the relationship between autonomous weapons and international humanitarian law. The aims this are to find out frequency such understand response researchers linkage data has been collected from SCOPUS Web Science databases. VOSviewer used represent data. represents published 2013 2023. consists 748 distri...

Legality and Legitimacy in International Order T  NATO armed intervention over Kosovo was illegal under international law, but widely regarded as legitimate. Th e 2003 US invasion of Iraq was both illegal and illegitimate, though unilateral attempts were made to legitimize it, using the Kosovo precedent. Th e sanctions against Iraq, preceding the 2003 invasion, were legal, but seen by many ...

Mediation efforts often take place in contexts where the conflicting parties have violated international human rights or humanitarian law and where justice issues arise. Transitional justice is a multidimensional long-term undertaking, defined by the EU Council document ‘Transitional Justice and the ESDP’ as “a framework for confronting past abuse as a component of a major political transformat...

States are increasingly hiring private military companies to act in zones where armed conflicts are occurring. The predominant feeling in the international community is that it would be best to regulate such companies. Cognizant of much confusion as to the status of the employees of private military companies under international humanitarian law, this article explains the laws on mercenaries, c...

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