During the hydration of cement, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) reacts with gypsum and forms ettringite (AFt). Once all gypsum is consumed, ettringite can further react with remaining C3A and form monosulfate (AFm) at 1–2 days. Normally, at early ages, ettringite all transfers to AFm phase. After several months or years, ettringite can form again if a new source of sulfate becomes available in the p...

Polymer brushes show great promise in next-generation antibiofouling surfaces. Here, we have studied the influence of polymer brush architecture on protein resistance. By carefully optimizing reaction conditions, we were able to polymerize oligoglycerol-based brushes with sterically demanding linear or dendronized side chains on gold surfaces. Protein adsorption from serum and plasma was analyz...

Protein hydration shell dynamics play an important role in biochemical processes including protein folding, enzyme function, and molecular recognition. We present here a comparison of the reorientation dynamics of individual water molecules within the hydration shell of a series of globular proteins: acetylcholinesterase, subtilisin Carlsberg, lysozyme, and ubiquitin. Molecular dynamics simulat...

D r. Vasavada regularly performs stromal hydration, at both the clear corneal temporal incision and paracentesis, as part of his strategy for sealing the wound after cataract surgery. Further, he has found stromal hydration to be a useful adjunct in clear corneal cataract surgery, because it allows the adequate approximation of the anterior and posterior aspects of the corneal tunnel. Today, su...

We have studied the rheological property evolution and hydration behavior of white and ordinary portland cement (type I) pastes and concentrated cement–polyelectrolyte suspensions. Cement composition had a marked effect on the elastic property evolution (G (t)) and hydration behavior of these suspensions in the presence of poly(acrylic acid)/poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer (PAA/PEO), even though...

More than ever before, the world's increasing need for new infrastructure demands the construction of efficient, sustainable and durable buildings, requiring minimal climate-changing gas-generation in their production. Maintenance-free "greener" building materials made from blended cements have advantages over ordinary Portland cements, as they are cheaper, generate less carbon dioxide and are ...

One of the major durability concerns for limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) concrete is its high susceptibility to atmospheric carbonation that could lead an early onset electrochemical corrosion reinforcing steel in structures. Aimed at designing innovative LC3 formulations with potentially enhanced resistance, this preliminary study investigates influence reactive magnesia (MgO) on early-ag...

The issues of numerical modeling hydrodynamic resistance the impeller for mixing slurry mixtures in production cement compositions are considered. Mathematical models based on finite element method to analyze processes occurring cement-containing developed. influence rotor design value torque power shaft has been investigated. It is established that most acceptable option a vane creates good tu...

Abstract The use of nano clay to improve the qualities construction materials and engineering applications has attracted a lot discussion in recent years. This review article summarizes influence as cement substitute supplement on performance conventional high-performance concrete. addition high concrete revealed an increase compressive flexural strength, well durability attributes such resista...