Aggregate base plays an important role in a pavement structure. It supports the asphalt concrete (AC) layer and reduces the wheel load-induced stresses on the underlying layers so that the stresses transmitted to the subgrade do not result in excessive deformation. The base layer also functions as a drainage layer. Consequently, it is important to understand the drainage and strength characteri...

Abstract This study aims to investigate experimentally the variation of coefficient discharge Cd with rectangular notch hydraulic and geometric parameters such as water head h, height p, width B, thickness t. The results show that increases an increase h B while it decreases There are no changes in actual Qact consequently for p more than 6 cm. An empirical formula was developed based on dimens...

To explore the mechanism of glomerular permselectivity defect in passive Heymann nephritis, an experimental model of human membranous glomerulopathy, Munich-Wistar rats were subjected to both micropuncture assessment of glomerular hemodynamics and whole kidney clearance measurements of graded size dextrans 10 days after injection of sheep anti-rat tubular antigen (anti-Fx1A). Compared with norm...

Recent progress in relating the functional properties of the glomerular capillary wall to its unique structure is reviewed. The fenestrated endothelium, glomerular basement membrane (GBM), and epithelial filtration slits form a series arrangement in which the flow diverges as it enters the GBM from the fenestrae and converges again at the filtration slits. A hydrodynamic model that combines mor...

Previous studies have established that in a variety of human glomerulopathies the reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is due to a marked lowering of the ultrafiltration coefficient (Kf). To identify the factors which lower Kf, we measured the filtering surface area per glomerulus, filtration slit frequency, basement membrane thickness, and GFR and its determinants in patients with minimal ...

introduction: due to sensitiveness of flow to roughness coefficient (rc), selection of this coefficient is important in earth canals designing purposes. precision selection of this coefficient is necessary for design and operation of earthen canals purposes. overestimation of the actual amount of this coefficient will cause an underestimation for flow velocity. accordingly, sedimentation in the...

The permeability of the natural geology plays a crucial role in accurately analyzing seepage behavior project area. This study presents novel approach for inverse analysis coefficient. finite element model (FEM) combined with orthogonal experimental design is used to construct sample set coefficient inversion. established random forest (RF) algorithm surrogate applied determine optimal values p...