We recently modeled fluid flow through gap junction channels coupling the pigmented and nonpigmented layers of the ciliary body. The model suggested the channels could transport the secretion of aqueous humor, but flow would be driven by hydrostatic pressure rather than osmosis. The pressure required to drive fluid through a single layer of gap junctions might be just a few mmHg and difficult t...

Following the discovery of a hydrostatic pressure sensor with no associated gas phase in the crab, and the knowledge that several systems of cells in culture show long term alterations to small changes in hydrostatic pressure, we show here that vestibular type II hair cells in a well known model system (the isolated elasmobranch labyrinth), are sensitive to hydrostatic pressure. This new findin...

Effective protocols are introduced for parthenogenesis activation in oocytes. Hydrostatic pressure can act as a mechanical stimulator that rearranges egg contents, leading to new structural or molecular combination. Alternatively, mechanical stimulation could stimulate a mechanically-gated process, such as opening or closing of stretch activated ion channels. This study, investigated the use of...

The factors affecting glomerular ultrafiltration with elevated ureteral pressure were examined in both plasma-expanded (2.5% body weight) and hydropenic Munich-Wistar rats. Elevated ureteral pressure (20 mm Hg) alternated as the initial condition in both groups. Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure (PG) and Bowman's space pressure (Pt) were measured directly in surface glomeruli with a ser...

A lot of well-balanced schemes have been proposed for discretizing the classical Saint-Venant system for shallow water flows with non-flat bottom. Among them, the hydrostatic reconstruction scheme is a simple and efficient one. It involves the knowledge of an arbitrary solver for the homogeneous problem (for example Godunov, Roe, kinetic. . . ). If this solver is entropy satisfying, then the hy...

Composites made from two linear isotropic elastic materials are subjected to a uniform hydrostatic stress. It is assumed that only the volume fraction of each elastic material is known. Lower bounds on all rth moments of the hydrostatic stress field inside each phase are obtained for rX2. A lower bound on the maximum value of the hydrostatic stress field is also obtained. These bounds are given...

The exploration of novel functional carbon polymorphs is an enduring topic of scientific investigations. In this paper, we present simulations demonstrating metastable carbon phases as the result of pressure induced carbon nanotube polymerization. The configuration, bonding, electronic, and mechanical characteristics of carbon polymers strongly depend on the imposed hydrostatic/non-hydrostatic ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Mechanical forces are thought to induce cellular responses through activation of signalling pathways. Cells within the intraocular environment are exposed to constant changes in the levels of intraocular pressure. In this study, an attempt was made to determine the acute effects of elevated hydrostatic pressure on different intraocular cells grown in culture. METHODS Different...

BACKGROUND Inhalation of particulates is a leading cause of the development of lung diseases and current understanding of the complex relationship between lung metabolism and airborne particulates is incomplete. It is well established that mechanical load is important in the development of the lung and in lung cell differentiation. The interaction between particle exposure and physical forces o...