Despite the development of effective pharmacological therapy to prevent both macrovascular and microvascular complications and adverse events, diabetes control remains sub-optimal. Poor adherence to recommended regimens is a causal factor in preventable morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Subgroups of patients with differing longitudinal profiles of adherence may yield differing treat...

The recent discoveries in the fields of pathogenesis and management of diabetic nephropathy have revolutionized the knowledge about this disease. Little was added to the management of diabetic nephropathy after the introduction of renin angiotensin system blockers. The ineffective role of the renin- angiotensin system blockers in primary prevention of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes mel...

This review discussed the mechanism by which hyperglycemia produces changes in blood constituents, the effect of hyperglycemia on different blood constituent with special stress on anemia, as well as its influence on immunological changes and cancer susceptibility. The predictive value of changes in these blood constituent and the development of diabetic complications as well as blood constitue...

Abstract The root of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, has been used historically as hematopoietic and anti-inflammatory agents for thousands years. Recent phytochemistry pharmacological studies have proved that polysaccharides are one the major active ingredients in A. . It demonstrated ASPs ( polysaccharides) had various important biological activities, su...

In type 2 diabetes mellitus, oral hypoglycemic agents and analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1 provide adequate glycemic control early in the disease. Insulin therapy becomes necessary for those with advanced disease. Further, some experts recommend electively starting insulin therapy in early diabetes. This review addresses practical approaches to insulin therapy, particularly when it is indic...

Acute pancreatitis frequently presents with abdomen pain but may presents with various skin manifestations as rash and rarely, pancreatic panniculitis. Metformin, one of the most effective and valuable oral hypoglycemic agents in the biguanide class was linked to acute pancreatitis in few cases. Here, we report a case of metformin induce acute pancreatitis in young healthy man with normal renal...

This review describes pharmacologically active compounds from mushrooms. Compounds and complex substances with antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, antiallergic, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective and central activities are covered, focusing on the review of recent literature. The production of mushrooms or mushroom compounds is discussed briefly.

Sulphonamides are the first effective chemotherapeutic agents used for bacterial infection in humans. Sulfonamides have a wide range of pharmacological activities such as Oral hypoglycemic, antileprotic, anti epileptic, anti-hypertensive, anti-bacterial, anti-protozoal, anti-fungal, anti retroviral, anti cancer, antiinflammatory, and used as diuretic. This review consists of a discussion on the...

Antipsychotic medications are associated with increased risks of metabolic abnormalities. We present a 44-year-old woman with underlying bipolar disorder who had been treated with atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine. After taking 50 mg olanzapine to commit suicide, she developed altered mentality. The serum glucose level was 15 mg/dL and she was treated with glucose infusion immediately. Brain ...

Thiazolidinone is considered as a biologically important active scaffold that possesses almost all types of biological activities. Successful introduction of ralitoline as a potent anti-convulsant, etozoline as a antihypertensive, pioglitazone as a hypoglycemic agent and thiazolidomycin activity against streptomyces species proved potential of thiazolidinone moiety. This diversity in the biolog...