Cannabinoids, in contrast to typical drugs of abuse, have been shown to exert complex effects on behavioural reinforcement and psychomotor function. We have shown that cannabinoid agonists lack reinforcing/rewarding properties in the intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) paradigm and that the CB1 receptor (CB1R) agonist WIN55,212-2 attenuates the reward-facilitating actions of cocaine. We sought...

BACKGROUND Effects of long-term treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) on airway-wall thickness in patients with asthma remain unknown. OBJECTIVES To determine whether airway-wall thickness consistently decreases after long-term ICS treatment, and to analyze factors contributing to long-term airway-wall changes in asthmatics. METHODS A retrospective analysis of long-term changes in a...

BACKGROUND Responses to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) and leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) vary among asthmatic patients. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether responses to ICSs and LTRAs are concordant for individuals or whether asthmatic patients who do not respond to one medication respond to the other. METHODS Children 6 to 17 years of age with mild-to-moderate persistent as...

Recently, neural networks (NNs) have been proposed for the detection of cyber attacks targeting industrial control systems (ICSs). Such detectors are often retrained, using data collected during system operation, to cope with evolution monitored signals over time. However, by exploiting this mechanism, an attacker can fake provided corrupted sensors at training time and poison learning process ...

Results from the application of our optical potential and relativistic models to positron scattering gas-phase zinc (Zn) cadmium (Cd) are presented. In particular, integral cross sections (ICSs) for elastic scattering, positronium formation, summed discrete electronic-state excitation, ionization processes reported both species over an extended incident energy range. From those ICSs, total sect...

Padideh Nasseri, Michael A. Nitsche and Hamed Ekhtiari* 1 Neurocognitive Laboratory, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Translational Neuroscience Program, Iranian Institute for Cognitive Sciences Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran 3 Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, ...

Studies describing reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay-based infection control strategies (LAMP-based ICSs) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are limited. We reviewed the medical records of cases in which RT-LAMP was performed. Standard ICSs and LAMP-based were implemented during study period. The intended to impose longer periods precautions (ICPs...

Withdrawal from nicotine decreases the activity of brain reward systems, measured in rats by elevations of intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) thresholds. This reward deficit is hypothesized to contribute to the persistence of the tobacco habit in tobacco smokers. Accumulating evidence suggests that aspects of drug withdrawal may become conditioned to previously neutral environmental stimuli v...