although filling the gap in reading comprehension gained momentum with the rise of the top-down approach, vygotsky’ concept of scaffolding and the dual code  theory provided a strong support for the use of paratext to enhance comprehension. scaffolding is dependent on other-regulation, one type of which is object-regulation. from this vantage-point, various types of paratext can function as sou...

In legal cases, stories or scenarios can serve as the context for a crime when reasoning with evidence. In order to develop a scientifically founded technique for evidential reasoning, a method is required for the representation and evaluation of various scenarios in a case. In this paper the probabilistic technique of Bayesian networks is proposed as a method for modeling narrative, and it is ...

Alloy, a lightweight modelling language based on relations, is used to construct a framework for modelling a class of key management schemes used in secure multicast, aimed at checking them against some critical correctness properties that should be satisfied by all secure multicast protocols. This framework is used to model pull-based Asynchronous Rekeying Framework (ARF) and Iolus, two very d...

Selecting an appropriate representation for chords is important for encoding pertinent harmonic aspects of the musical surface, and, at the same time, is crucial for building effective computational models for music analysis. This chapter, initially, addresses musicological, perceptual and computational aspects of the harmonic musical surface. Then, two novel general chord representations are p...