1. Fundamental principles of personalism and utilitarianism One must state in the very beginning that medical ethics develops not so much under the influence of philosophical views, but under the influence of growing empirical sciences, which can create scientistic mentality, under the influence of legal decisions of various international or national medical organisations, under the influence o...

L’article 388-1 du Code civil en France mentionne que « dans toute procédure le concernant, mineur capable de discernement peut être entendu par juge ». Les juges aux affaires familiales ont pour tâche d’évaluer la capacité n’ayant ni définition méthode d’évaluation, et étant sommés ne pas utiliser critère l’âge. À partir des quelques travaux sur discernement, nous proposons un schéma présentan...

We propose a type system MLF that generalizes ML with first-class polymorphism as in System F. Expressions may contain second-order type annotations. Every typable expression admits a principal type, which however depends on type annotations. Principal types capture all other types that can be obtained by implicit type instantiation and they can be inferred. All expressions of ML are well-typed...

Inspired by Carol Dweck's work on naive theories of intelligence, the implicit theory emotions refers to beliefs regarding general functioning emotions, specifically, their controllability. Some individuals view as uncontrollable (entity theory), while others think that can be modulated (incremental theory). These guide emotional regulation strategies use and influence subjective well-being. Th...

Bank of Canada working papers are theoretical or empirical works-in-progress on subjects in economics and finance. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors. No responsibility for them should be attributed to the Bank of Canada. ii Acknowledgements We received many valuable comments from participants of the 2006 Workshop on Macroeconomic Forecasting, Analysis and Policy with Da...

We present the first complete, robust, and efficient C++ implementation for parameterizing the intersection of two implicit quadrics with integer coefficients of arbitrary size. It is based on the near-optimal algorithm presented in Parts I, II, and III [5, 6, 7] of this paper. Our implementation correctly identifies and parameterizes all the algebraic components of the intersection in all case...

An update operation presupposes that one can predict how the world changes along time. In the absence of a predictive model of evolution, the common sense law of inertia is usually used and justiies the minimal change approach to the frame problem. Instead of relying on an implicit modeling of persistence, we propose to use an explicit modeling of the expected evolution. We rst explain why our ...

The paper presents some considerations concerning the role of consciousness as a privileged state in nature which has implications for ethics. Especially in the modern talk about consciousness of human beings or animals since Thomas Nagel (1974) or Peter Singer (1975) we find discussions about the role of consciousness as an important irreducible and ‘higher’ phenomenon connected with a first p...