The review presents an analysis of the current state problem associated with production toxic metabolites by three species fungi genus Aspergillus – A. flavus, niger and fumigatus. All them are known for their extensive occurrence in environment, pathogenicity traditional use industrial biotechnology. In recent decades aflatoxins, cyclopiazonic acid, fumonisins group B, gliotoxin clavine ergot ...

The term ‘sustainable diets’ (SDs) was first introduced in the scientific literature 1986 and later defined detail by Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) as pertaining to those diets that can promote environmental health ad effectively ensure food nutrition security well a healthy lifestyle humans, combining notion of sustainability with dietary patterns their beneficial impacts. Since then, va...

in recent decades, foreign policy of middle east countries has been deeply affected by increasing ethnic and religious identities. on the other hand, realist approach has still remained as dominant logic for analyzing of politics in this region. this article based on constructivist approach, analyses the impact of ethnic identity factor on foreign policy of middle east states and emphasizes on ...

Asthma and allergic diseases cases have risen in recent decades. Plant pollen is considered as the main aeroallergen causing allergic reactions. According to available data, urban residents experience more respiratory allergies than rural residents mainly due to the interaction between chemical air pollutants and pollen grains. This interaction can occur through several mechanisms; chemical pol...

Social control and the enforcement of social norms glue a society together. It has been shown theoretically and empirically that informal punishment of wrongdoers fosters cooperation in human groups. Most of this research has focused on voluntary and uncoordinated punishment carried out by individual group members. However, as punishment is costly, it is an open question as to why humans engage...