OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which demographic, sexual, and non-injection drug use practices predict adolescent initiation of injection drug use. METHODS Street recruited injection drug users 15-30 years of age in Baltimore, Maryland, who initiated injection within five years of study enrollment, completed a questionnaire that included a year-by-year histo...

Alternative initiation of translation of the human fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) mRNA at five in-frame CUG or AUG translation initiation codons requires various RNA cis-acting elements, including an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Here we describe the purification of a trans-acting factor controlling FGF-2 mRNA translation achieved by several biochemical purification approaches. We ha...

Bacteriophage phi 29 DNA replication is initiated when a molecule of dAMP is covalently linked to a free molecule of the terminal protein, in a reaction catalyzed by the viral DNA polymerase. We demonstrate that single-stranded DNA molecules are active templates for the protein-primed initiation reaction and can be replicated by phi 29 DNA polymerase. Using synthetic oligonucleotides, we carrie...

BACKGROUND The development of HIV drug resistance and subsequent virological failure are often cited as potential disadvantages of early cART initiation. However, their long-term probability is not known, and neither is the role of duration of infection at the time of initiation. METHODS Patients enrolled in the UK Register of HIV seroconverters were followed-up from cART initiation to last H...

CK2 phosphorylates a wide variety of substrates, including translation initiation factors. A mass spectrometric approach was used to identify residues phosphorylated by CK2, which may regulate the activity of initiation factors during the translation initiation process in plants. CK2 in vitro phosphorylation sites were identified in wheat and Arabidopsis thaliana eIF2alpha, eIF2beta, eIF5, and ...

BACKGROUND Human prostate basal cells expressing alpha-6 integrin (CD49f(Hi)) and/or CD44 form prostaspheres in vitro. This functional trait is often correlated with stem/progenitor (S/P) activity, including the ability to self-renew and induce differentiated tubules in vivo. Antigenic profiles that distinguish tubule-initiating prostate stem cells (SCs) from progenitor cells (PCs) and mature l...

background: a high percentage of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (icu) have systemic inflammatory response syndrome (sirs) criteria. free radicals play an important role in initiation and development of sirs. the purpose of this study was to assess and compare the molecular changes of cellular antioxidant power in patients with sirs who received enteral nutrition (en) or en combine...

abstract in order to study the effects of irrigation regimes on yield and some qualitative characteristics of three cultivars of potato (solanum tuberosum l.), an experiment was conducted in 2009 in the research field of the college of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad. a factorial experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. experimental fact...

hookah smoking is growing in popularity especially among women but little is known about the determinants influencing on hookah smoking initiation. in order to address this emerging health risk, a qualitative study was conducted to explore the factors that contribute in the first hookah smoking trial by women.this qualitative study was conducted during 2012 to 2013 in tehran, iran. participants...

introduction: regarding chronic nature of epilepsy and its side effects and to access the effective treatment procedures, herbal medicine has received remarkable interest. the aim of this study was to determine the anticonvulsant effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of anethum graveolens seed on pentylenetetrazol (ptz) -induced seizure in male mice. methods: fifty-six albino male mice were divide...