Climate warming at high latitudes has contributed to the growing interest in shrub tree-ring analysis. Shrub architecture presents new challenges for dendrochronology, such as seemingly lower and inconsistent climatic sensitivity of stems vs. root collars. may thus be considered sub-optimal study climate–growth relationships. In this paper, we propose that could caused by use unsuitable detrend...

Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in Pakistan and adrenal involvement in long-standing tuberculosis has been found to be common. A multi-center study was conducted to assess the adrenal function using short Synacthen test in one hundred patients with tuberculosis of more than 6 months duration at three hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Forty patients demonstrated impaired respo...

Abstract We analyzed growth trajectories recorded in the tree-ring series of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. and silver fir Abies alba Mill. co-occuring with European beech Fagus sylvatica L. old-growth forests driven by natural stand dynamics. The study sites were localized five stands Western Carpathians (Central Europe). characterized life histories 218 individual trees using 25 met...

We have developed a new test for estimating the secretory capacity of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from the parathyroid gland. Sodium bicarbonate solution [8.4% (w/v); 35 ml/m(2) body surface area] was infused for 2 min, and blood samples for the determination of plasma ionized calcium, plasma PTH (intact, midregion, carboxy-terminus) and related parameters were serially obtained. In 8 healthy vol...

The tidal freshwater zone near the estuarine head-of-tide is potentially sensitive to both sea-level rise and associated salinity increases as well changing watershed inputs of nutrients. We evaluated vegetation response forested wetlands (TFFW) changes in nontidal river versus controls along longitudinal gradient Mattaponi Pamunkey rivers Mid-Atlantic USA. included floodplain (NT) upper (UT), ...

Low-elevation ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws.) forests of the northern Rocky Mountains historically experienced frequent low-intensity fires that maintained open uneven-aged stands. A century of fire exclusion has contributed to denser ponderosa pine forests with greater competition for resources, higher tree stress and greater risk of insect attack and stand-destroying fire. A...

Carry-select addition techniques imply the computation of double sum and carry bits with subsequent selection of the correct values, resulting in significant area overheads. This overhead increases massively when the selection scheme is applied to multiple levels in order to further reduce computation time. A recently proposed reduced-area scheme for carry-select adders lowers this overhead by ...

Figure 2. A) Skin. A slight perivascular infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells and dermal melanophages (arrows) are seen (HEx200). B) An increment in melanin pigment in basal keratinocytes (arrow heads) and dermal melanophages (white arrows) are highlighted by Fontana-Masson stain (x200). Figure 1. Patchy melanoderma lesions mimicking ecchymoses in the legs, trunk.