According to the environmental cues hypothesis, female birds use information available to them in the early-season environment to fine-tune egg production annually. However, support for the hypothesis derives largely from correlational studies. In each year from 2002 to 2006, which spanned a period of extreme variation in environmental conditions, we removed eggs from early-laying rhinoceros au...

The asymptotic throughput-delay tradeoff has been extensively studied for dense wireless mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) as a function of increasing density. However, many practical applications exist for sparse MANETs where mobile node density goes to zero and the number of nodes is small. Asymptotic throughput-delay laws discovered for dense networks need not identically hold in this sparse r...

Wireless relaying is essential to provide reliable transmission, high throughput and broad coverage for wireless networks in a variety of applications. In a cellular environment a relay can be used to overcome shadowing effect due to obstacles. In wireless communication, multiple-antenna systems provide higher rate data transmission than a single-antenna system in a scattered environment. This ...

With the rapid growth and evolution of the vehicular network with the highly increasing demand of vehicular traffic management, vehicular infotainment applications, and the vehicular cloud computing, massive vehicular information is required to be downloaded from roadside-deployed gateways. With the nature of high mobility and intermittent connectivity, it is challenging to provide a highly rel...

Node cooperation is considered in this paper in the existence of two relaying protocols i.e. “Amplify and Forward (AF)” also called “Store and Forward (SF)” and the second relaying protocol is “Decode and Forward”. The two stated protocols are different from each other and perform different operations on received data before retransmitting to next hop. Also the selection of each protocol is var...

In this paper, the performance of four cooperative relaying schemes, which are classified by requiring a quantity of feedback information, is evaluated in the high SNR region and is compared with that of MIMO relaying schemes with two antennas. For amplify-and-forward (AF) relay, all schemes except the second hop selection scheme provide the second order diversity gain in high SNR region. For d...

In this paper, a symbol-level selective transmission for full-duplex (FD) relaying networks is proposed to mitigate error propagation effects and improve system spectral efficiency. The idea is to allow the FD relay node to predict the correctly decoded symbols of each frame, based on the generalized square deviation method, and discard the erroneously decoded symbols, resulting in fewer errors...

We analyze cooperative relaying in vehicular communications by real-world measurements and compare its performance in terms of packet delivery ratios to conventional communication schemes. Results indicate that the temporal correlation of packet delivery is a key factor on whether or not cooperative relaying is of benefit compared to time diversity, where a packet is retransmitted if the first ...