The amounts of volatile substances responsible for the malodor of human waste (feces and urine) obtained from the storage tank of a community waste-water treatment plant were determined. Thus far, there has been little systematic research on malodor-causing substances of human waste. These substances were collected using Tenax-TA, and their concentrations were determined by the usual thermal-de...

Leaf and stem explants excised from young plant of B.diffusa  were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing agar (0.8%), sucrose (2.5%) and varied concentration of Indole butyric acid (IBA), Napthyl acetic acid (NAA), 2,4 - dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and Picrolam. Leaf explants has given better response for both rooting and callus formation. IBA in a concentration of 5μM...

A protocol for direct organogenesis in Bixa orellana (pink flowers variety) has been developed with significant organogenic response from rooted hypocotyls, hypocotyl segments, and cotyledonary leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L thidiazuron and 0.25% coconut water or 7.0 mg L N-Benzyladenine and 0.1 mg L a-naphthalene acetic acid. Thidiazuron in combinat...

Our previous study demonstrated that butyric acid, an extracellular metabolite of periodontopathic bacteria, induced apoptosis in murine thymocytes, splenic T cells, and human Jurkat cells. In this study, we examined whether CD95 ligand-receptor interaction is involved in butyric acid-induced T-cell apoptosis. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that expression of Fas in Jurkat and T cells from p...

a series of indole-based aryl(aroyl)hydrazone analogs of antiplatelet indole-3-carboxaldehyde phenylhydrazone were synthesized by the schiff base formation reaction and their antiplatelet activity was assessed using human platelet rich plasma. the platelet concentrate was obtained using a two-step centrifugation protocol and adp, arachidonic acid and collagen were used as inducers of platelet a...

In this study, callus of P. tunicoides was used to induce adventitious roots. It was found that the medium with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was most suitable for induction of P. tunicoides adventitious roots from callus. To investigate the effects of concentration and type of auxins on adventitious roots induction, an orthogonal test was deployed. It was shown that 2,4Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid...

Peroxisomes are important organelles in plant metabolism, containing all the enzymes required for fatty acid beta-oxidation. More than 20 proteins are required for peroxisomal biogenesis and maintenance. The Arabidopsis pxa1 mutant, originally isolated because it is resistant to the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), developmentally arrests when germinated without supplemental sucrose, suggesti...

An efficient and reproducible plant regeneration system was developed from cells or tissues of agronomically important Indian sorghum genotypes including 2 commercial cultivars (NSH27 & K8) of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Callus induction and plant regeneration were achieved on transverse thin cell layers (tTCL) of roots from aseptically germinated 7-day-old seedlings. Callus response depended ...

Sugarcane breeding under climatic conditions of Pakistan is very difficult due to unavailability of viable fuzz (seed). Somaclonal variation can provide an alternative for improvement of existing genotypes. Six hundred and twenty-seven somaclones were developed from sugarcane genotype S97US297, and protocols for callogenesis and organogenesis were developed using Murashige and Skoog medium...