We theoretically investigate the one-color injection currents and shift in zigzag graphene nanoribbons with applying a static electric field across ribbon, which breaks inversion symmetry to generate nonzero second order optical responses by dipole interaction. These two types of can be separately excited specific light polarization, circularly polarized lights for linearly currents. Based on t...

background acoustic trauma is an injury to the hearing mechanisms in the inner ear due to excessive noise. this injury is the most prevalent cause of sensorineural hearing loss in humans, especially from occupational exposure. previous studies have shown the essential role of free radical formation in the inner ear hearing loss caused by acoustic trauma. objectives this study was performed to d...

The relative timing of presynaptic and postsynaptic spikes plays a critical role in activity-induced synaptic modification. Here we examined whether plasticity of orientation selectivity in the visual cortex depends on stimulus timing. Repetitive pairing of visual stimuli at two orientations induced a shift in orientation tuning of cat cortical neurons, with the direction of the shift depending...

The purpose of this article is twofold. On one hand, we reveal the equivalence shift finite type between a one-sided X and its associated hom tree-shift TX, as well in sofic shift. other investigate interrelationship among comparable mixing properties on tree-shifts those multidimensional spaces. They include irreducibility, topologically mixing, block gluing, strong all which are defined spiri...

noise induced hearing loss (nihl) is one of the most important occupational disease worldwide. nihl has been found potentiate by simultaneous carbon monoxide (co) exposure. free radicals have been implicated in cochlear damage resulted from the exposure to noise and due to the co hypoxia. this study examined whether α-tocopherol administration, as a free radical scavenger, causes the attenuatio...

Background & Aims: Shift work is programmed in various schedules, each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The main purposes of this study were: a) to determine common shift schedules used in petrochemical industries, b) to compare shift work health-related problems among employees working in different shift schedules and c) to recommend appropriate shift schedule. Methods: This cross...