Using the statistical technique of fuzzy clustering, regimes of inflation and unemployment are explored for the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany between 1871 and 2009. We identify for each country three distinct regimes in inflation/unemployment space. There is considerable similarity across the countries in both the regimes themselves and in the timings of the transitions between ...

This explanation has been articulated in a number of recent papers. See, for example, Azariadis and Smith (forthcoming), Boyd and Smith (forthcoming), and Schreft and Smith (forthcoming and 1994). A consensus among economists seems to be that high rates of inflation cause " problems, " not just for some individuals, but for aggregate economic performance. There is much less agreement about what...

During the inflationary phase of the early universe, quantum fluctuations in the vacuum generate particles as they stretch beyond the Hubble length. These fluctuations are thought to result in the density fluctuations and gravitational radiation that we can try to observe today. It is possible to calculate the quantum-mechanical evolution of these fluctuations during inflation and the subsequen...

What is right? What is wrong? In modem education it is often impossible to achieve single answers to this very difficult question, particularly in the current climate of increasing societal metamorphosis. It is difficult to teach or even discern an ethical answer to a question in this modem age. Factors of social change include issues such as those related to the structure of the family, the te...

Since an acceptable dark matter candidate may interact only weakly with ordinary matter and radiation, it is of interest to consider the limiting case where the dark matter interacts only with gravity and itself, the matter originating by the gravitational particle production at the end of inflation. We use the bounds on the present dark mass density and the measured large-scale fluctuations in...

The purpose of this article is to examine the status of a well known argument for a positive rate of steady state inflation. The original argument, by Vickrey (1954) and Phelps (1972), suggests that the economy is more able to dampen shocks, such as fluctuations in the real rate of return on risky capital investment, when inflation rates are positive. The notion is that the conditions required ...

While there is no consensus about the history of time since the beginning, in this paper I will discuss some possibilities. We have a pretty clear picture of cosmic history from the electroweak phase transition through the time of recombination, a period which includes the QCD phase transition and big bang nucleosynthesis. This paper includes a quantitative discussion of the age of the universe...

We investigate the global structure of inflationary universe both by analytical methods and by computer simulations of stochastic processes in the early Universe. We show that the global structure of inflationary universe depends crucially on the mechanism of inflation. In the simplest models of chaotic inflation with the effective potentials φ or e the Universe looks like a sea of thermalized ...

BACKGROUND Estimates of the economic cost of risk factors for chronic disease to the NHS provide evidence for prioritization of resources for prevention and public health. Previous comparable estimates of the economic costs of poor diet, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol and overweight/obesity were based on economic data from 1992-93. METHODS Diseases associated with poor diet, physical i...

this paper tries to survey and estimate non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (nairu) and potential output. it uses the unobserved components model to propose a new method. the model consists of ukan law equations and philips curve. it uses unobservable key economic variable in the form of unobserved random trends in an equation system of three variables namely unemployment, gross dom...