BACKGROUND Biomedical text mining may target various kinds of valuable information embedded in the literature, but a critical obstacle to the extension of the mining targets is the cost of manual construction of labeled data, which are required for state-of-the-art supervised learning systems. Active learning is to choose the most informative documents for the supervised learning in order to re...

A text, as distinct from a sentence, can be defined literal use of language. Text is the unit communication, and for piece language to it must produces communicative purpose. Every sentence in text loaded with tools such transferring information, conveying attitudes or feelings, presenting facts. Seven standards textuality which are cohesion coherence oriented acceptability, informativity, situ...

This study investigates how prosody encodes the extent to which a linguistic element is informative. While most prior work has approached this question from one of the two angles, namely (i) information theory/statistical probability and (ii) discourse-pragmatics/information structure, we focus on the interaction between these two dimensions. Our results show that the prosodic marking of inform...

The dissertation elaborates how a categorial-modal logical framework, Dependency Grammar Logic (DGL), can be used to provide a basic model of certain components underlying the Praguian conception of linguistic meaning. The components dealt with here are head/dependent-asymmetries, “semantic roles” or dependency relations, and information structure. We address the representation, realization, an...

The article presents the results of marine geophysical research ancient port area Chersonesos located in Karantinnaya Bay, which is now about 2–4 m below sea level. Set methods along with archeological and hydroacoustic types work includes bottom electrotomography, has not been used until practice underwater archeology to map remains structures buried by sediments. Based on side-scan sonar prof...

Two studies examined how lexical information contained in words affects people’s category representations. Some words are lexically suggestive regarding the taxonomic position of their referent (e.g., bumblebee, starfish). However, this information differs from language to language (e.g., in Dutch the equivalent words hold no taxonomic information: hommel, vlinder). Three language groups, Dutch...

The question of how children learn what words mean is one that has long perplexed philosophers and psychologists. As Quine famously pointed out, the problem of accounting for word learning is a deep one: simply hearing a word uttered in the presence of an object tells a learner next to nothing about its meaning. Yet somehow, children learn to understand and use words correctly. How? Here, we fi...