Increased levels of Bcr-Abl expression in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cells are associated with disease progression and imatinib (IM) resistance. However, it is not clear if these associations are a direct result of elevated Bcr-Abl expression. We used a human transduction model of CML to directly investigate the role of varying Bcr-Abl expression levels in determining the phenotype and ...

background: echinococcosis or hydatid disease is a zoonotic infection caused by larval (metacestode) stages of cestodes belonging to the genus echinococcus, family taeniidae . we aimed to subclone antigen b gene in pqe-30 plasmid, its expression, and purification. methods: we subcloned hi gene into pqe-30 expression vector. the recombinant vector was transformed into e. coli , m15 and mass cult...

BACKGROUND Swine influenza A virus (IAV) reassortment with 2009 H1N1 pandemic (H1N1pdm09) virus has been documented, and new genotypes and subclusters of H3N2 have since expanded in the US swine population. An H3N2 variant (H3N2v) virus with the H1N1pdm09 matrix gene and the remaining genes of swine triple reassortant H3N2 caused outbreaks at agricultural fairs in 2011-2012. METHODS To assess...

BACKGROUND Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes H5 and H7 attracts particular attention because of the risk of their potential pathogenicity in poultry. The haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test is widely used as subtype specific test for serological diagnostics despite the laborious nature of this method. However, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are being explored as an alternativ...

Neonatal hypoxic ischaemic (HI) injury frequently causes neural impairment in surviving infants. Our knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms is still limited. Protein deimination is a post-translational modification caused by Ca(+2) -regulated peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), a group of five isozymes that display tissue-specific expression and different preference for target protein...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the dynamics or magnitude of antibody response in patients with influenza A (H1N1) pdm09-associated pneumonia. We described and compared the antibody response to influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 in patients with and without pneumonia. METHODS We collected serum samples and determined antibody titers by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (mNT)...

Ribonucleases H (RNases H) comprise a family of metal-dependent enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the 3'-O---P bond of RNA in RNA.DNA hybrids. The mechanism by which RNases H use active-site metal(s) for catalysis is unclear. Based upon the seemingly contradictory structural observations of one divalent metal bound to Escherichia coli RNase HI and two divalent metals bound to the HIV RNas...

The single radial hemolysis (SRH) test was compared with the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for establishing rubella immune status and diagnosing recent infection. Correlation between mean SRH diameters and HI titers greater than or equal to 1:8 was high (R = 0.99). It is suggested that a level of greater than or equal to 5 IU represents low-level antibody and that greater than or equal ...

In the present study, the potency and immunogenicity of the inactivated bivalent vaccine of Newcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) produced by Razi institute in Iran were compared with a similar imported vaccine administered by standard methods to specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken. A total of 150 twenty-one-day-old SPF chickens were used for evaluating Razi and imported inactivated ...