Progestin-only contraceptives administered by injection (Depo-Provera) or subcutaneous implant (Norplant) have been available to U.S. women for about a decade. Two epidemiological studies found their use associated with increased incidence of type 2 diabetes. In reviewing publications relating progestin injections and implants to glucose metabolism, 25 studies of various study designs and labor...

CONTEXT Informal drug shops are the first line of health care in many poor countries. In Uganda, these facilities commonly sell and administer the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), even though they are prohibited by law from selling any injectable drugs. It is important to understand drug shop operators' current practices and their potential to provide DMPA to h...

214 Theresa Hoke is scientist II, Aurélie Brunie is scientist I, Kirsten Krueger is senior technical officer and Crystal Dreisbach was, at the time this article was written, a technical officer, all at FHI 360. Angela Akol is country director at FHI 360/Uganda. Ny Lovaniaina Rabenja was, at the time this article was written, a program officer at FHI 360/Madagascar. Alice Olawo is research assoc...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 seroconversion and prevalence of other sexually transmitted infections. DESIGN Prospective cohort. METHODS The study population was 2,236 HIV-negative women who were screened in a biomedical intervention trial in Durban, South Africa. The association between the use of hormonal contraceptives and ris...

Ethiopia has made notable progress in increasing awareness and knowledge of family planning and is considered a success story among funders and program planners. Yet unmet need among rural women (28.6%) is almost double that of urban women (15.5%), with a wide gap in total fertility rate depending on urban (2.6) or rural (5.5) residence. This study investigates the impact of a service delivery ...

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and estrogen-based contraceptives both increase thromboembolism risk, leading gastroenterologists to recommend long-acting reversible (LARCs) over methods for women with IBD. No study has evaluated whether young IBD follow this guidance, especially as many patients lack awareness of estrogen-related risks, generally prefer methods. We contrac...

The singlemost popular moment in Africa (andmany other regions) to initiate family planning may well be the 6-week postpartum clinic visit, when mothers also bring infants to begin the crucial primary immunization series. A 6-week start does indeed work well for mothers accepting long-acting, reversible contraceptives (LARCs) such as implants and intrauterine devices (IUDs), because thesemethod...