silicon (si) is considered as one of the beneficial elements for plants that play important roles in plant resistance to stresses. in this experiment, the effects of three levels of silicon (0, 0.85 and 1.7 mm) on the growth and physiological processes of pumpkin were studied in plants inoculated with sphaerotheca fuliginea (250000 conidia ml−1) and non-inoculated plants under hydroponic condit...

The ability of nonpathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum (np Fo ) to induce systemic resistance and defence responses against subsequent challenge with a pathogenic strain of F. oxysporum f. sp. asparagi ( Foa ) was examined in Asparagus officinalis . In a split-root experiment, roots inoculated with np Fo exhibited a hypersensitive response and those subsequently inoculated with Foa display...

to survey the effects of flooding during the reproductive growth stages of aerenchyma formation and ethylene production in soybean cultivar dpx experiment  the completely randomized factorial was in 2012 in gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural resources. factors examined include nutrition levels in three levels (1 - inoculated with bacteria japonicumbradyrhizobium 2 - non-inoc...

abstractbackground and objectives the oilseeds after cereal, the world's second largest food supply make up. environmental stress has always been one of the most important factors reducing crop yield and production are gone and counter or reduce the effects of stress as a useful strategy to increase the quality and quantity of the products has been considered. flooding conditions are said ...

A typical plant response to any biotic or abiotic stress, including cadmium (Cd), involves increased ethylene synthesis, which causes senescence of the affected plant part. Stressed plants can experience reduced ethylene and improved growth if they are inoculated with bacteria that have the enzyme ACC deaminase, which metabolizes the ethylene precursor ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate). W...

Plant pathogens secrete small proteins, of which some are effectors that promote infection. During colonization of the tomato xylem vessels the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) secretes small proteins that are referred to as SIX (Secreted In Xylem) proteins. Of these, Six1 (Avr3), Six3 (Avr2), Six5, and Six6 are required for full virulence, denoting them as effectors. To invest...

to study the effect of different arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on growth performance and water absorption efficiency of osteospermum, a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design was conducted in greenhouse. a total of 22 different species of mycorrhizal fungi in symbiosis with the plant studied in this experiment. the results showed that mycorrhiza fungus glomus mossea ca a...