In recent years, Israel Studies have been gaining momentum in Europe, especially the Central and Eastern parts of continent. The aim this paper is to scrutinize genesis evolutionary developments as a separate study field Poland, Czech Republic, Germany. authors tackle following aspects: dominant intellectual traditions, historiographic approaches, disciplinary frameworks; teaching research envi...

Abstract Innovation and economic development go hand in hand. is the key to growth prosperity. In current era of globalization, countries that invest research (R&D) innovative activities are more likely achieve sustained competitiveness global marketplace. The purpose this study analyze values International Intellectual Property Index different world compare these data; establish relationsh...

Current technological developments have shifted the industrial world from a capitalintensive to knowledge-based industry. We often find that companies been awarded higher market value than their book value. Various researchers believe this honor is given by society be intellectual capital. Unfortunately, different ideas presented are still dry, materialistic, secularistic, and far religious val...

I would be willing to wager that if an average citizen from Athens of 1000 BC were to appear suddenly among us, he or she would be among the brightest and most intellectually alive of our colleagues and companions. We would be surprised by our time-visitor’s memory, broad range of ideas and clear-sighted view of important issues. I would also guess that he or she would be among the most emotion...

There is considerable irony in the current search for the causes of the rapid political changes sweeping the communist world after 1988. In retrospect, it is not hard to single out a number of macrosocietal trends that led eventually to regime change: economic stagnation and consumer deprivation, deeply eroded commitment to official ideology and the growth of widespread cynicism, the corruption...

In the recent past, the proliferation of digitally available content heralded the beginning of serious problems for the business models of publishers. The ease with which content can be accessed, copied and distributed disrupts the control of those whose role has been to manage and profit from the intellectual property rights of content producers. In effect, the number of “publishers” increased...

BACKGROUND Identifying modifiable lifestyle correlates of cognitive decline and risk of dementia is complex, particularly as few population-based longitudinal studies jointly model these interlinked processes. Recent methodological developments allow us to examine statistically defined sub-populations with separate cognitive trajectories and dementia risks. METHODS Engagement in social, physi...

How to make the selection of medical students effective, fair, and open has been contentious for many years. A levels are a major component of selection for entry of school-leavers into UK universities and medical schools, but intellectual aptitude tests for the selection of medical students are burgeoning—they include the Oxford medicine admissions test and the Australian graduate medical scho...

AIM There is a growing evidence of the physical and mental health inequalities in people with intellectual disability (ID) although less has been written concerning the mental health of women with ID (International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities). This is compared with the substantive literature published within mainstream psychiatry on gender. The aim of this...