Non-perturbative measurements of low-intensity charged particle beams are particularly challenging to beam diagnostics due to the low amplitude of the induced electromagnetic fields. In the low-energy antiproton decelerator (AD) and the future extra low energy antiproton rings at CERN, an absolute measurement of the beam intensity is essential to monitor the operation efficiency. Superconductin...

Despite its phenomenal salience, the intensity of emotions remains a neglected issue of emotion research. The very notion has long been shown subtle and elusive, never precisely matched by physiological arousal or, on the subjective side, by the activation dimension so common among emotion space models. This paper argues in favor of reframing the whole matter into a psychophysical measurement a...

Localization of sound source in the horizontal plane employs the evaluation of interaural time and intensity differences. The precision of the evaluating system depends on a number of parameters: frequency, overall intensity and deviation of the source from the medial plane. A preliminary psychophysical experiment was conducted to explore the intensity dependence of just noticeable time and int...

We propose a high-speed, parallel system for lens aberration measurement employing a confocal optical setup. This method uses a non-interferometric, conventional confocal axial response to determine the spherical aberration coefficient of a confocal objective. The aberration coefficients are successfully calculated from the intensity axial response by employing a neural network. It is estimated...

The standard method for prediction of the absence and presence of pain has long been self-report. However, for patients with major cognitive or communicative impairments, it would be better if clinicians could quantify pain without having to rely on the patient's self-description. Here, we present a newly pain intensity measurement method based on multiple physiological signals, including blood...

Acute and chronic pain is a common experience in children and youth. A thorough assessment is fundamental to understand this experience and to assess and monitor treatment responses. The intensity of pain is the parameter most commonly assessed. In this article, we describe the different methods employed to assess pediatric pain intensity and review well-validated and commonly used self-report ...

A new acoustical parameter, called Intensity of Acoustic Radiation (IAR), was recently defined, and resulted very well related with mechanical vibration of sound source, being able to quantify the sound efficiency of musical Instruments In this paper the IAR was experimentally measured on Persian string musical Instruments. IAR relates mechanical vibration of surface (e.g. soundboards) and soun...

Historically, X-ray imaging has been used to determine geometric and qualitative intensity information, such as tooth damage or star luminosity. For many endeavors, including astronomy, non-destructive testing, medicine, and plasma physics, the ability to measure accurately the X-ray intensity in a specific energy interval has become more important. But the metrology for these measurements, nam...