OBJECTIVE To determine the risk of frequent and severe hypoglycemia and the associated demographic and clinical risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Demographic and diabetes self-management factors were measured in 415 subjects followed prospectively for 4-6.5 years of type 1 diabetes duration as participants in a population-based incident cohort. Blood samples were collected up to three...

the growing incidence and prevalence of diabetes has made a significant impact on the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (1). DKD is among the most frequent complications of diabetes; indeed, diabetes accounts for ~50% of all cases of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in developed countries (2). Patients often have comorbid diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although intensive gl...

Since the development of intensive insulin therapy for the critically ill adult, tight glycemic control (TGC) has become increasingly complicated to apply and achieve. Software-guided (SG) algorithms for insulin dosing represent a new method to achieve euglycemia in critical illness. We provide an overview of the state of SG TGC with an eye to the future. The current milieu is disorganized, wit...

objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of good glycemic control on serum lipids levels and lipid peroxidation, and to find out the relationship between the level of malondialdehyde and hba1c in type 2 diabetes. materials and methods: fifty type 2 diabetic patients aged 40-60 years with the history of diabetes for more than 10 years were studied. glycemic control was stable ...

BACKGROUND Regional variation in type 2 diabetes mellitus care may affect outcomes in patients treated with intensive versus standard blood glucose control. We sought to evaluate these differences between North America and the rest of the world. METHODS AND RESULTS Databases were searched from their inception through December 2013. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of intensi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of the addition of insulin when maximal sulfonylurea therapy is inadequate in individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Glycemic control, hypoglycemia, and body weight were monitored over 6 years in 826 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in 8 of 23 U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) centers that used a modified protocol. P...

INTRODUCTION Inadequate glycemic control contributes to the development and progression of complications, which are associated with a significant economic burden on healthcare systems. However, optimal glycemic control is difficult to sustain with oral antidiabetic agents and adherence to intensive insulin regimens is compromised by patient compliance to multiple daily injections. Therefore, al...

BACKGROUND In some studies, tight glycemic control with insulin improved outcomes in adults undergoing cardiac surgery, but these benefits are unproven in critically ill children at risk for hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. We tested the hypothesis that tight glycemic control reduces morbidity after pediatric cardiac surgery. METHODS In this two-center, prospective, randomized trial, we enrolle...