Introduction:To evaluate the role of allergic-type and infectious-type cytokines in children with chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) Materials and Methods:We investigated serum levels of interleukins (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13, along with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 35 children with OME and 28 healthy contr...

BACKGROUND Persistent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes chronic liver diseases and is a global health problem. Although new triple therapy (pegylated-interferon, ribavirin, and telaprevir/boceprevir) has recently been started and is expected to achieve a sustained virologic response of more than 70% in HCV genotype 1 patients, there are several problems to be resolved, including skin ras...

Abstract The intestinal microbiota contributes to gut immune homeostasis, where short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) function as the major mediators. We aimed elucidate immunomodulatory effects of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. With that in mind, we sought characterise expression SCFA receptors transporters well SCFAs’ impact on activation different cells. Whereas all three SCFAs decreased tumou...

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an interesting agent for activating innate immune activity in macrophages including secretion of TNF-α and IFN-α, upregulation of TRAIL and activation of NF-κB and iNOS. However, the molecular mechanism of such cellular activities remains largely unknown. Tumor selectivity of replication of NDV has been described to be linked to deviations in tumor cells of the ...

AIM To investigate the mechanism by which hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein-induced miR-93-5p up-regulation regulates the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway. METHODS HCV-1b core protein was exogenously expressed in Huh7 cells using pcDNA3.1 (+) vector. The expression of miR-93-5p and interferon receptor 1 (IFNAR1) was measured using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain react...

background: statins, widely used cholesterol-lowering agents, have also been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and immunomdulatory effects. objective: to evaluate the effects of atorvastatin in combination with interferon-β in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (ms) in a randomized controlled clinical trial. methods: multiple sclerosis patients were randomized independently, in a double b...

background:  new discoveries about the pathophysiology changed the concept that all forms of osteoarthritis are alike; this lead to the delineation of different phenotypes such as age, trauma or obese related forms. we aim to compare soluble mediator profiles in primary knee and posttraumatic wrist osteoarthritis. based on the general faster progression rate of wrist osteoarthritis, we hypothes...

Background: The immunologic profile of chronic urticaria is not only important for diagnostic purposes, but also for therapeutic approaches. This study evaluated the serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interferon-ϒ (IFN-ϒ) in patients with chronic urticaria to find a biomarker.Materials and Methods: Forty-one patients with chronic urticaria referring to the...

UNLABELLED Inflammation may be maladaptive to the control of viral infection when it impairs interferon (IFN) responses, enhancing viral replication and spread. Dysregulated immunity as a result of inappropriate innate inflammatory responses is a hallmark of chronic viral infections such as, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that expr...